TBI Flashcards
complete loss of oxygen in the brain
anoxia
trauma d/t shock wave from an explosive device
blast injury
rhythmic, involuntary mm contractions and relaxations in response to a quick stretch
clonus
Impairments in mental processes such as attention, memory, learning, and problem-solving.
cognitive deficits
prolonged state of unconsciousness where an individual is unresponsive to stimuli
coma
Bruising of the brain tissue
contusion
Brain injury resulting from the brain striking the inside of the skull at the point of impact (coup) and then rebounding to strike the opposite side of the skull (counter-coup).
coup-counter-coup injury
Widespread microscopic damage to the brain’s white matter caused by shearing forces from rapid acceleration/deceleration.
diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
swelling d/t fluid accumulation in the brain tissue
edema
Rapid and unpredictable shifts in mood or emotional expression that are often exaggerated or inappropriate to the situation.
emotional lability
standardized neurological scale used to assess the level of consciousness in acutely brain-injured individuals based on eye-opening, verbal, and motor responses.
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
A collection of blood outside of blood vessels, which can occur in the brain (intracerebral) or between the brain and skull (epidural or subdural).
hematoma
The displacement of brain tissue through openings in the skull due to increased intracranial pressure.
herniation (brain)
abnormally high body temperature
hyperthermia
hypertonia
increased muscle tone or stiffness
hypotension
abnormally low BP
Deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues
hypoxia
pressure within the skull
intracranial pressure (ICP)
tearing of brain tissue
laceration
ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement.
motor control
The brain’s ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life
neuroplasticity
paresis
muscle weakness
A syndrome characterized by sudden episodes of increased sympathetic nervous system activity, including elevated heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, sweating, and body temperature
paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH)
Seizures that occur after a traumatic brain injury
post-traumatic seizures
A period of confusion and memory loss following a TBI, during which the individual is unable to form new memories
post-traumatic amnesia
An eight-level scale describing the stages of cognitive and behavioral recovery following a traumatic brain injury
ranchos los amigos levels of cognitive functioning (LOCF)
motor disorder characterized by velocity-dependent increases in tonic stretch reflexes (muscle tone) with exaggerated tendon jerks, resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex.
spasticity
an alteration in brain function or other evidence of brain pathology d/t external force
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
