Motor Impairments: Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 1

AKINESIA

Answer 1

Inability to initiate movement: associated with fixed postures

Question 2

ATHETOSIS

Answer 2

slow, involuntary, rithering, twisting, “worm-like” movements; frequently greater involvement in distal upper extremities

• NECK, FACE, TONGUE, AND TRUNK

Question 3

BRADYKINESIA

Answer 3

Decrease amplitude in velocity of voluntary movement

Question 4

CHOREA

Answer 4

Involuntary, rapid, irregular, jerky movements involving multiple joints: most apparent in Upper Extremities

Question 5

CHOREOATHETOSIS

Answer 5

Movement disorder with features of both chorea and AtHetosis

Question 6

DYSTONIA

Answer 6

Sustained involuntary contractions of agonist and antagonist muscles

Question 7

HEMIBALLISMUS

Answer 7

Large amplitude sudden, violent, flailing motion of arm and leg of one side of the body

Question 8

HYPERKINESIS

Answer 8

Abnormally increased muscle activity or movement

Question 9

HYPOKINESIS

Answer 9

Decreased motor response, especially to a specific stimulus

Question 10

LEAD-PIPE RIGIDITY

Answer 10

Uniform constant resistance as limb is moved through ROM

• CONSTANT STIFFNESS

Question 11

COGWHEEL RIGIDITY

Answer 11

Series of brief relaxations or “catches” as limb is passively removed

• TIGHT, RELAXED, TIGHT, RELAXED

Question 12

TREMOR (RESTING)

Answer 12

Involuntary, rhythmic, auscultary movements observed at rest

• PRONATION AND SUPINATION MOVEMENTS
• APPEARS @ JAW TOO