quiz 1 & 2 Flashcards
Which of the following locations would a patient report diminished sensation if the L3 dermatome region was impacted?
Dorsum of foot
Groin
Anterior thigh
Lateral calf
Anterior thigh
A patient with an upper motor neuron syndrome presenting with the typical pattern of spasticity in the upper limb would present with which of the following joint positions?
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder internal rotation
Wrist extension
Elbow extension
Shoulder internal rotation
Which of the following BEST differentiates the anterolateral spinothalamic tract from the dorsal column tract?
The anterolateral spinothalamic tract transmits fine touch, while the dorsal column tract transmits crude touch.
Both tracts transmit pain and temperature but to different areas of the brain.
The anterolateral spinothalamic tract is responsible for motor control, while the dorsal column tract is responsible for sensory processing.
The anterolateral spinothalamic tract carries pain and temperature, while the dorsal column tract carries proprioception and vibration.
The anterolateral spinothalamic tract carries pain and temperature, while the dorsal column tract carries proprioception and vibration.
A patient presents with muscle atrophy, fasciculations, and hyporeflexia in her right arm. These symptoms BEST describe which of the following neurological syndromes?
Anterior cord syndrome
Upper motor neuron syndrome
Central cord syndrome
Lower motor neuron syndrome
Lower motor neuron syndrome
A patient presents with complete loss of voluntary movement on one side of the body following a cerebrovascular accident. Which term BEST describes this condition?
Monoplegia
Paraplegia
Hemiparesis
Hemiplegia
d. Hemiplegia
Which of the following interventions BEST represents the neuroplasticity principle of ‘salience’ within a treatment?
A patient with a goal to ambulate performs ambulation
A patient with a passion for soccer performs ball kicking activities
A patient performs a movement fifty times
A patient pushes themselves physically to work hard
b. A patient with a passion for soccer performs ball kicking activities
Which of the following motor impairments is characterized by increased muscle tone that is uniform and present throughout the entire range of motion, regardless of movement velocity?
Clonus
Rigidity
Flaccidity
Spasticity
b. Rigidity
PT Evaluation results for light touch sensation on the right side of the body:
Region: Sensation Grade:
C4 1
C6 1
C7 1
C8 3
T4 4
T7 4
T10 4
L1 2
L2 2
L4 2
L5 2
S1 2
S2 2
What does the sensation test score for the dermatome region of the medial malleolus indicate?
Sensation in this area was decreased, delayed
Sensation in this area was increased, exaggerated
Sensation in this area was inconsistent
Sensation in this area was absent
b. Sensation in this area was increased, exaggerated
A patient who presents with a traumatic brain injury resulting in right side upper and lower body coordination impairments as well as a right upper extremity scapula fracture which was repaired 12 weeks. Based on this information, which of the following Proprioceptive Neuromuscular facilitation interventions would be the MOST appropriate and effective to perform with this patient to address their coordination deficits and improve function with ambulation?
Resisitive D1 pattern to the right lower extremity
Resistive D2 pattern to the left lower extremity
Resisitive D2 pattern to the left upper extremity
Resisitive D2 pattern to the right upper extremity
a. Resistive D1 pattern to the right lower extremity
Which of the following sensation tests is MOST likely being performed if a patient is asked to, ‘Move your elbow through a small ROM and hold statically in a position. Describe the position by duplicating the position on the contralateral extremity?’
Kinesthesia Awareness
Stereognosis
Proprioceptive Awareness
Graphesthesia
a. proprioceptive Awareness
Which of the following BEST describes the difference between an equilibrium and a nonequilibrium exercise intervention?
Equilibrium exercises are used exclusively for patients with spinal cord injuries, while nonequilibrium exercises are used only for patients with traumatic brain injuries.
Equilibrium exercises are performed in open-chain positions, while nonequilibrium exercises are always performed in closed-chain positions.
Equilibrium exercises focus on improving postural stability and balance control, while nonequilibrium exercises emphasize limb coordination and movement control in non-weight-bearing positions.
Nonequilibrium exercises are designed to improve postural stability in standing, while equilibrium exercises focus on strengthening isolated muscle groups
Equilibrium exercises focus on improving postural stability and balance control, while nonequilibrium exercises emphasize limb coordination and movement control in non-weight-bearing positions.
Which of the following interventions would be the MOST appropriate adjustment for a patient presenting with hyperalgesia?
Encourage complete rest and avoidance of all sensory input to prevent further pain.
Use only thermal modalities, such as ice or heat, to manage pain without incorporating movement-based interventions.
Introduce graded exposure to non-noxious stimuli and desensitization techniques to reduce pain sensitivity.
Increase pressure during manual therapy to desensitize the area more quickly
c. Introduce graded exposure to non-noxious stimuli and desensitization techniques to reduce pain sensitivity.
In which of the following ‘Stages of Motor Learning’ would a patient rely on visual feedback and cognitive effort to perform a task?
Autonomous
Associative
Expert
Cognitive
d. Cognitive
Which of the following PNF patterns is MOST appropriate for a patient needing to improve shoulder flexion, external rotation and abduction strength?
Upper extremity D2 extension
Upper extremity D1 extension
Upper extremity D1 flexion
Upper extremity D2 flexion
d. Upper extremity D2 flexion
A patient presents with a “flat” or absent facial expression at rest and has difficulty engaging the muscles of his face to show expressions. Which of the following spinal tracts is MOST involved in the function of facial expressions?
Corticobulbar tract
Spinothalamic tract
Vestibulospinal tract
Corticospinal tract
a. Corticobulbar tract
A patient who presents with weakness and limited ability activating the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gastrocnemius muscles would BEST benefit from manual resistance, applied during which PNF pattern?
D2 flexion pattern
D1 flexion pattern
D2 extension pattern
D1 extension pattern
c. D1 extension pattern
When performing sensation testing, which of the following statements is MOST accurate in regards to the procedure and recommendations for testing?
Perform testing to the distal area first
Perform testing to the proximal area first
Perform testing with the eyes open first
Perform deep sensations first
a. Perform testing to the distal area first
Which of the following statements BEST describes the theory behind how Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation improves coordination?
Tactile and verbal cues should be avoided to prevent overstimulation of the nervous system
Facilitating distal stability of joints leads to improvments in proximal control
Facilitating proximal stability of joints leads to improvments in distal control
Maximal resistance and tactile cues promote motor performance allowing for better control of limbs
Facilitating the proximal stability of joints leads to improvements in distal control
The Physical Therapist Assistant provides verbal cues to “Close the hand, turn, and pull up and across the face” during a PNF session. Based off this verbal cue, which of the following diagnol patterns is MOST likely being performed?
UE D2 Flexion
UE D2 Extension
UE D1 Flexion
UE D1 Extension
UE D1 Flexion
A patient who has impairment of cranial nerve twelve would MOST likely present with?
Tinnitus
Myopia
Asthenia
Dysarthria
Dysarthria
When performing DTR testing, a patient is graded a 4+ grade when the plantar flexors are tested. Which of the following statements BEST describes this presentation?
There is no response to the stimulus
The reflex is brisk yet normal
There is slight movement of the plantarflexors yet it is depressed
Clonus is observed in the plantarflexors
the reflex is brisk yet normal
Post motor vehicle accident the patient is obtunded and presents with bilateral upper extremities and lower extremities in extension. Which of the following statements BEST describes what has likely occured?
A lower motor neuron injury associated with peripheral nerve injury
A stroke which can be managed with hypertensive medications
A severe brainstem injury and poor prognosis
A cerebral cortex injury and favorable prognosis
A cerebral cortex in jury and favorable prognosis
A patient who demonstrates dysfunction within the “Tectospinal Tract” would MOST likely present with dysfunction of which of the following cranial nerves?
Cranial nerve 2
Cranial nerve 5
Cranial nerve 11
Cranial nerve 9
cranial nerve 11
Which of the following descending motor spinal tracts would need to be INTACT in order to perform deep tendon reflex testing to the patellar tendon?
Reticulospinal
Vestibulospinal
Cerebrospinal
Tectospinal
reticulospinal
Which of the following sensory impairments is characterized by pain in response to a stimulus that does not normally cause pain, such as a light touch or mild temperature change?
Paresthesia
Hyperalgesia
Causalgia
Allodynia
Allodynia
A patient with dysfunction of cranial nerve 11 would present with the MOST difficulty performing which of the following activities?
Deviating the tongue laterally
Flexing the head laterally
Articulating words clearly
Closing the eyes
Flexing the head laterally
Which practice schedule is characterized by longer rest periods between trials, leading to improved motor learning and retention, especially for individuals with fatigue or cognitive impairments?
Random practice
Massed practice
Distributed practice
Blocked practice
distributed practice
What is the starting position of an upper extremity to perform the D1 flexion pattern?
Shoulder external rotation and elbow extension
Shoulder internal rotation and elbow extension
Shoulder internal rotation and elbow flexion
Shoulder adduction and elbow extension
Shoulder internal rotation and elbow extension
Which of the following muscles would BEST benefit from stretching to enhance range of motion for a patient who presents with extensor spasicity patterning of the lower limb post-stroke?
Hip abductors
Hip adductors
Knee flexors
Ankle dorsiflexors
Hip adductors
Which of the following statements BEST describes the impact of approximation to joints when applied during a mobility session?
It provides space between joint surfaces
It enhances muscle contraction
It increases joint range of motion
It inhibits muscle contraction
it enhances muscle contraction
A patient presenting with the typical pattern of upper motor neuron spasticity in the lower extremity would MOST benefit from which of the following safety measures during gait training?
Block the affected limb knee to ensure it does not buckle
Guard the affected limb hip in case of lateral loss of balance
Position the affected limb foot flat in midstance
Apply rhythmic rotation to the affected limb during swing phase of gait
Position the affected limb foot flat in midstance
The following DTR test is eprformed over the brachioradialis tendon at the musculotendinous junction. In order for a normal score to be exhibited in this test, which of the following nerve roots would need to be intact?
C2-C3
C7-C8
C5-C6
L2-L4
C5-C6
When a cup is placed on a table in front of the patient, they attempt to move the cup with their right hand but instead use their right elbow to move the cup out of the way. Which of the following terms BEST describes this motor recovery behavior?
Compensation
Recovery
Neuroplasticity
Neglect
compensation
Which of the following motor impairments is characterized by slow, writhing, involuntary movements, often affecting the hands and face?
Bradykinesia
Athetosis
Chorea
Dystonia
athetosis
Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate for a patient who demonstrates flaccidity in the upper body?
Perform resistive PNF to the affected upper extremity to apply the principle of irradiation
Perform resistive PNF to the unaffected upper extremity to apply the principle of irradiation
Perform manual traction to the upper extremity to activate proximal muscles
Perform AAROM to the affected upper extremity to promote activation
Perform resistive PNF to the unaffected upper extremity to apply the principle of irradiation
What is the starting position of a lower extremity to perform the D2 flexion pattern?
Hip extension and adduction
Hip flexion and abduction
Hip flexion and adduction
Hip extension and abduction
Hip extension and adduction
In order to perform an externally paced skills, which of the following motor skill interventions would be performed?
A patients walks in time with a metronome
A person performs stepping into a revolving door
A person perform stepping to avoid obstacles
A person performs walking in a quiet room
A patients walks in time with a metronome
A patient’s upper extremity is graded a 3 on the Modified Ashworth Scale for Grading Spasticity. When ranging this limb, which of the following presentations BEST describes this grade?
Maximal muscle tone and rigidity is felt and the limb is difficult to move
Considerable muscle tone is felt yet the limb is difficult to move
No increase in muscle tone is felt and the limb is easily moved
Considerable muscle tone is felt yet the limb is easily moved
Considerable muscle tone is felt yet the limb is difficult to move
Which of the following best describes how causalgia presents compared to other sensory impairments?
Causalgia is characterized by numbness and tingling sensations without any associated pain or autonomic changes.
Causalgia is a loss of all sensory function in a dermatomal pattern, similar to a complete peripheral nerve lesion.
Causalgia is a severe, persistent burning pain often associated with autonomic dysfunction, typically following peripheral nerve injury.
Causalgia presents as brief, shock-like pains that occur spontaneously, similar to paresthesia.
Causalgia is a severe, persistent burning pain often associated with autonomic dysfunction, typically following peripheral nerve injury.
Which of the following action verbal cues would be MOST appropriate to use when performing the lower extremity diagnol 1 extension pattern?
“Lift the toes up and out!”
“Point the toes and pull down and in!”
“Push the gas pedal down and out!”
“Pull the toes up and across
“Push the gas pedal down and out!”
A 25-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital after a car accident and was diagnosed with a spinal cord injury at the level of C7. In regards to family education on wound prevention, which of the follow time schedules would be MOST appropriate for the prevention of pressure ulcers in bed?
a.
Every 3 hours change position and hold for a minimum of 2 minutes
b.
Every 15 seconds change position and hold for a minimum of 15 seconds
c.
Every 1-2 hours change position and hold for a minimum of 2 minutes
d.
Every 10 minutes change position and hold for a minimum of 30 seconds
Every 1-2 hours change position and hold for a minimum of 2 minutes
a patient tends to perform movements, such as reaching for their seat belt, in component parts rather than as a single, smooth activity. Which of the following impairments BEST describes Sarah’s difficulty with reaching to buckle and unbuckle her seat belt?
Asynergia
b.
Asthenia
c.
Choreoathetosis
d.
Intention tremor
Asynergia
A patient suffers a spinal cord injury at the C4 level. Which muscle group is MOST likely to remain functional in this patient?
Hand and finger muscles
b.
Deltoid and biceps
c.
Diaphragm and trapezius
d.
Wrist extensors
Diaphragm and trapezius
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding respiratory function of a patient with a spinal cord injury at C4?
Difficulty engaging muscles of the neck such as the sternocleidomastoid
b.
Full innervation of the diaphragm
c.
Difficulty with forced expiration and airway clearance
d.
An artificial ventilator will be needed at all times
Difficulty with forced expiration and airway clearance
Which of the following non-equilibrium tests would BEST determine if a patient has intact eye-hand-head coordination?
Heel to shin
b.
Romberg test
c.
Finger to nose
d.
Tandem walking
Finger to nose
A patient presents with a loss of proprioception and vibration sensation below the level of the T10 spinal cord injury.
Which spinal tract is MOST likely affected in this scenario?
Corticospinal tract
b.
Vestibulospinal tract
c.
Spinothalamic tract
d.
Dorsal column pathway
Dorsal column pathway
A physical therapist is assessing a patient with movement impairments. The patient exhibits resting tremors, bradykinesia, and rigidity. Which structure is MOST likely affected?
Basal ganglia
b.
Cerebellum
c.
Primary motor cortex
d.
Dorsal column tract
Basal ganglia
A patient with a spinal cord injury at the level of C8 would be MOST able to perform which of the following tasks?
Grasp a water bottle
b.
Kick a ball
c.
Abduct the fingers
d.
Walk
Grasp a water bottle
A patient presents with poor kinesthetic awareness in her right upper and lower extremities. Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate to enhance the patient’s kinesthetic awareness and improve her functional mobility?
Visual cue training to compensate for sensory deficits
b.
Balance training with eyes open on unstable surfaces
c.
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques to improve proprioceptive input
d.
Tactile stimulation exercises focusing on the right side
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques to improve proprioceptive input
A patient with SCI develops a respiratory infection. Which of the following diagnoses would make the patient MOST susceptible to respiratory problems?
a.
Brown-Sequard syndrome
b.
Posterior cord syndrome
c.
Complete C7 tetraplegia
d.
Complete C4 tetraplegia
Complete C4 tetraplegia
A PTA discusses the process of learning to drive an adapted van with a patient rehabilitating from a spinal cord injury. What is the HIGHEST level of injury where this activity would be a realistic functional outcome?
a.
T3
b.
C6
c.
C4
d.
T1
C6
A patient presents with a ASIA A T6 injury. Based on the patient’s spinal cord injury classifcation and level of injury, which of the following statements BEST describes a realistic functional capability that the patient can expect?
a.
Active hip flexion and limb advancement on a treadmill, requiring physical assistance to block bilateral LE’s to prevent knee buckling
b.
Ambulation with orthoses such as an AFO (ankle foot) and bilateral assistive devices
c.
Full-time wheelchair user as ambulation is not possible
d.
Ambulation with orthoses such as an HKAFO (hip knee ankle foot) and bilateral assistive devices
Ambulation with orthoses such as an HKAFO (hip knee ankle foot) and bilateral assistive devices
A patient presents with stiffness in his muscles, particularly in his shoulders and hips, making it difficult to get out of a chair or walk. When assessing the patient’s hip mobility, you notice a series of brief, repetitive relaxations and “catches” throughout the ROM. These signs MOST likely indicate which of the following neurological impairments?
a.
Kinetic tremor
b.
Cogwheel rigidity
c.
Leadpipe rigidity
d.
Intentional tremor
Cogwheel rigidity
A patient presents with ataxic movements during balance and ambulation training. The physical therapist assistant would like to design an interlimb activity for this patient to improve their arm-swing during ambulation. Which of the following activities would BEST accomplish this?
a.
Ball catching with the right upper extremity
b.
Grabbing a cup of water with the right hand and pouring into a bucket
c.
Contralateral shoulder flexion and extension while simultaneously grabbing cones
d.
Tracing a zig zag line on the wall with the right index finger
Contralateral shoulder flexion and extension while simultaneously grabbing cones
After spinal cord injury, a patient presents with bilateral loss of motor function and pain/temperature sensation below the level of injury but retains proprioception and vibratory sensation. Which of the following spinal cord syndromes is MOST consistent with this presentation?
a.
Brown-Séquard syndrome
b.
Anterior cord syndrome
c.
Posterior cord syndrome
d.
Central cord syndrome
Anterior cord syndrome
When ambulating, a patient presents with shuffle steps and often demos loss of balance forward. Which of the following interventions would BEST address his current issue?
a.
Supine hip extension in hook-lying
b.
Standing toe raises on an airex pad
c.
Stepping for cones placed in front of the body to the beat of a metronome
d.
Alternating UE/LE extensions in quadruped
Stepping for cones placed in front of the body to the beat of a metronome
A wheelchair is being ordered for a patient who has C4 ASIA A tetraplegia. Which wheelchair would be the MOST appropriate?
a.
Manual wheelchair with hand rim projections
b.
Power wheelchair with joystick control
c.
Power wheelchair with sip and puff control
d.
Manual wheelchair with friction hand rims
Power wheelchair with sip and puff control
A patient presents with an impairment called “dysdiadochokinesia.” Based off this information, which of the following coordination tests would be MOST difficult for this patient to perform?
a.
Pronation/supination
b.
Drawing a circle
c.
Finger to nose
d.
Rebound test
pronation/supination
A patient with a spinal cord injury is currently able to ambulate with minimal assistance yet has noted foot drop. In order to address his gait abnormality, which of the following interventions would be MOST effective to implement?
a.
Weight-shifting in quadruped with a focus on enhancing core function and activation
b.
Hip strengthening program and application of neuromuscular re-education to engage the muscle group supplied by the L4 nerve innervation
c.
Hip strengthening program and application of neuromuscular re-education to engage the muscle group supplied by the S1 nerve innervation
d.
Standing balance program with a focus on targeting the hip abductors and single-limb activities
Hip strengthening program and application of neuromuscular re-education to engage the muscle group supplied by the L4 nerve innervation
A patient who presents with “S1 myotome” weakness would MOST likely present with which of the following difficulties?
a.
Between terminal stance and pre-swing
b.
Foot drop
c.
Closing the hand to pick up an object
d.
Lifting the toe to ascend a step
Between terminal stance and pre-swing
A patient frequently loses balance backward and shows delayed balance responses. Which activity is BEST designed to improve ankle strategy for this patient?
a.
Heel walking in the parallel bars
b.
Standing heel raises on a foam pad
c.
Standing squats on a wobble board
d.
Seated marches on a physio ball
Heel walking in the parallel bars
After a brain injury, a patient present with typical patterns of upper motor neuron spasticity in his right upper and lower extremities. Given this scenario, which of the following transitional movements will be MOST difficult for the patient to perform with their lower extremity?
a.
Difficulty moving the knee into extension from flexion
b.
Transitioning to standing to sitting
c.
Maintaining stance phase on the R LE
d.
Rolling from supine to side-lying
Transitioning to standing to sitting
A patient presents with muscle atrophy, fasciculations, and hyporeflexia in their right arm. These symptoms are MOST indicative of which condition?
a.
Mixed motor neuron syndrome
b.
Upper motor neuron syndrome
c.
Central cord syndrome
d.
Lower motor neuron syndrome
Lower motor neuron syndrome
A patient exhibits difficulty engaging hip strategies and tends to fall forward. Based on the patient presentation, which of the following activities BEST enhances hip strategy while standing for this patient?
a.
Standing on foam and picking up a ball on the ground in front of the body
b.
Standing on foam and performing back extensions
c.
Forward alternating lunges
d.
Supine hip extensions on a physio ball
Standing on foam and performing back extensions
A patient demonstrates contralateral trunk lean during stance phase of gait. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this gait deviation?
a.
Compensation for quadriceps weakness
b.
Compensation for ipsilateral hip abductor weakness
c.
To assist with pelvic elevation to ensure foot clearance of the affected limb
d.
To assist with pelvic elevation to ensure foot clearance of the unaffected limb
To assist with pelvic elevation to ensure foot clearance of the affected limb
A patient with a spinal cord injury at T8 experiences severe spasticity affecting her lower extremities. Which of the following pharmacological treatments is MOST appropriate for managing her spasticity?
a.
Topical corticosteroids
b.
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy
c.
Baclofen administered orally
d.
Antihypertensive medication
Baclofen administered orally
While performing rolling, a spinal cord injury patient uses his upper body to generate movement to facilitate rolling. Which compensatory strategy is being utilized by this patient?
a.
Head-hips relationship
b.
Task modification
c.
Substitution
d.
Momentum
momentum
A patient presents with excessive knee flexion during stance phase of gait. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this gait abnormality?
a.
Plantarflexor tightness
b.
Hamstring weakness
c.
Proprioceptive loss at knee
d.
Knee extensor spasticity
Proprioceptive loss at knee
A physical therapist is guiding a patient through Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Diagonal 2 (D2) for the upper extremity. The D2 flexion pattern involves which of the following motions?
Shoulder extension, abduction, and internal rotation with forearm pronation
b.
Shoulder flexion, adduction, and external rotation with forearm supination
c.
Shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation with forearm pronation
d.
Shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation with forearm supination
Shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation with forearm supination
A patient with a C6 spinal cord injury is being trained to use a tenodesis grasp for functional tasks. Which of the following BEST explains the mechanism behind tenodesis grasp?
a.
Passive finger flexion due to tension in the flexor tendons when extending the wrist
b.
Voluntary finger flexion and extension controlled by intrinsic hand muscles
c.
Active finger flexion when the wrist is flexed and active finger extension when the wrist is extended
d.
Active contraction of the finger flexors when extending the wrist
Passive finger flexion due to tension in the flexor tendons when extending the wrist
A PTA reviews a physical therapy examination which indicates diminished sensation in the T1 dermatome. Which of the following locations is the MOST appropriate to test sensation at the T1 dermatome?
a.
Collar bone
b.
Nipple line
c.
Inner arm
d.
Back of the arm
Inner arm
A T4 complete spinal cord injury patient presents with postural hypotension and is instructed to use an abdominal binder. Which of the following statements BEST descrbes how an abdominal binder is used to stabilize blood pressure?
a.
Increases intrabdominal pressure and decreases intrathoracic pressure to stabilize blood pressure
b.
Decreases intrabdominal pressure and decreases intrathoracic pressure to stabilize blood pressure
c.
Increases intrabdominal pressure and maintains intrathoracic pressure to stabilize blood pressure
d.
Decreases intrabdominal pressure and maintains intrathoracic pressure to stabilize blood pressure
Increases intrabdominal pressure and maintains intrathoracic pressure to stabilize blood pressure
Below is a chart displaying the motor scores (0-5) for a patient’s key muscle groups below the neurological level of injury:
Muscle Group Motor Score (0-5)
L2 3
L3 2
L4 2-
S1 2
S2 1+
Based off this information, which of the following classifications is MOST accurate for this patient?
a.
ASIA A
b.
ASIA C
c.
ASIA B
d.
ASIA D
ASIA C
A patient with akinesia has difficulty initiating movements from a seated position. Based off this impairment, which of the following interventions would BEST address this isssue and enhance patient function?
a.
Rocking the trunk back and forth to a metronome beat before standing
b.
Performing bicep curls in a seated position
c.
Walking at a constant pace on a treadmill
d.
Performing sit to stands with verbal cues
Rocking the trunk back and forth to a metronome beat before standing
A patient has a suspected cervical spine lesion at C5. Which of the following presentations would be MOST expected with involvement of the C5 nerve root?
a.
Diminished bicep and brachioradialis reflexes
b.
Diminished sensation in the latissimus dorsi
c.
Muscle weakness in the triceps
d.
Muscle weakness in the finger flexors
Diminished bicep and brachioradialis reflexes
A patient presents with a T6 spinal cord injury classified as ASIA A. Based on the patient’s SCI classifcation and presentation, which of the following is the MOST likely safety concern?
a.
Falls due to poor cognition
b.
Spasms in the lower extremities
c.
Development of pressure wounds on the ischial tuberosities
d.
Development of pneumonia due to poor respiratory function
Development of pressure wounds on the ischial tuberosities
A patient with a spinal cord injury is exercising in supine and begins to show signs of autonomic dysreflexia. What would be the MOST immediate action to address this emergency?
Sit the patient upright
b.
Call for assistance
c.
Check urinary drainage system
d.
Elevate the legs
Sit the patient upright
A patient in a wheelchair needs to be able to performing pressure relieving techniques such as a seated glute lift by performing a chair “dip” or “press-up.” Which mytome should be screened to determine if the patient is able to perform this skill?
L1
C7
C6
T1
C7
You are working with a patient on bed mobility who has C7 tetraplegia. Preserving tightness of which muscle groups would MOST benefit the patient’s functional potential?
Finger extensors and hamstrings
Finger flexors and low back
Wrist extensors and low back
Wrist flexors and hamstrings
finger flexor and low back
A patient with a L3 ASIA A injury presents with joint swelling, erythema and decreased ROM in their knee joints. Which of the following diagnoses BEST represents these symptoms?
Heterotopic Ossification
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Pressure wound
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Heterotopic Ossification
