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Comparative Anatomy > Taxonomy > Flashcards

Taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature?

A

Formalises how to name organisms

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2
Q

What did Linnaeus group together?

A

Organisms that shared obvious physical traits

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3
Q

What did Linnaeus groups construct?

A

A hierarchy of groupings called taxa

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4
Q

What does taxa range from?

A

From the kingdom to the species

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5
Q

What is the largest and most inclusive group?

A

Kingdom

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6
Q

What does the kingdom consist of?

A

Organisms that share just a few basic similarities

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7
Q

What is the smallest and most exclusive grouping?

A

Species

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8
Q

What does the species consist of?

A

Organisms that are similar enough to produce fertile offspring together

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9
Q

What are close related species grouped together in?

A

Genus

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10
Q

What was the greatest contribution of Linnaeus?

A

Was his method of naming species

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11
Q

What was the method used by Linnaeus called?

A

Binomial nomenclature

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12
Q

What did the binomial nomenclature method do?

A

Gives each species a unique, two-word Latin name consisting of the genus name and species name

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13
Q

What is a clade?

A

Group of organisms believed to comprise all the evolutionary descendants of a common ancestor.

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14
Q

What was a major change in the Linnaean classification?

A

The addition of a domain

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15
Q

What is a domain?

A

A taxon that is larger and more inclusive of the kingdom

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16
Q

What are the three domains of life on Earth?

A

Bacteria, archaea and eukaryota

17
Q

A paraphyletic group includes?

A

The common ancestor and some, but not all, of the ancestors decendants

18
Q

A polyphyletic group does not include?

A

The common ancestor of the group

19
Q

A monophyletic group includes?

A

Common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor

20
Q

What are the methods used to determine phylogenetic relationships?

A

Molecular genetics, comparing homologous DNA and proteomics

21
Q

What is a disadvantage of the methods used to determine phylogenetic relationships?

A

The fossilised remains are not always available for certain species and therefore no comparison can be made on them

Comparative Anatomy (8 decks)

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