taste Flashcards
flavors
sense of taste and smell
tastes
any of the 5 basic sensations detected by the tongue
salty, sour, sweet, bitter, umami
taste buds
cluster of 50-150 cells that detect tastes
papillae
small bump on tongue
contain most taste receptor cells
increase surface area
gustatory system
detects taste through cranial nerves
microvilli
fine fibers that extend from taste receptor cells into tiny pore
tastants
substances that can be tasted
circumvallate papillae
back of tongue
foliate papillae
center of tongue
fungiform papilla
front of tongue
salty
ionotropic receptors
Na+ enters —> depolarization —> Ca+2 —> neurotransmitter release
sour
ionotropic receptors
hydrogen ions released from acids
sweet
metabotropic receptors
T1R receptor family
T1R2 and T1R3 combine to make sweet tastants
bitter
metabotropic receptors
T2R receptor family
umami
metabotropic receptors
glutamate receptor
T1R receptor family
T1R1 and T1R3