Task A: Human Behavior & Effective Communication

Question 1

What is Human Behavior?

Answer 1

An attempt to explain how and why humans do what they do

Question 2

What is Learning?

Answer 2

Acquisition of knowledge or understanding of a subject or skill through education, experience, practice, or study.

Question 3

What are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 3

Self Actualization: vitality, creativity, self-sufficiency, authenticity, playfulness, meaningfulness
Self Esteem
Safety & Security
Base - physiological needs: air, water, food, shelter, sleep, sex

Question 4

Physiological Needs

Answer 4

Air, food, water, shelter, sleep, sex

Question 5

Security Needs

Answer 5

Keeping oneself safe from harm

Question 6

Belonging Need

Answer 6

Overcoming feelings of loneliness and alienation. This involves both giving and receiving love

Question 7

Egotistic (Self-Esteem) Needs

Answer 7

Humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high-level of self-respect and respect from others

Question 8

Cognitive & Aesthetic Needs

Answer 8

Cognitive - need to know & understand
Aesthetic - emotional needs of the artist…dealing mostly with human emotion

Question 9

Self-Actualization Need

Answer 9

A person’s need to be and do what that person was “born to do.”

Question 10

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 10

DRDRFCFR
Denial, Repression, Displacement, Rationalization, Fantasy, Compensation, Projection, Reaction Formation

Question 11

Defense Mechanism - Denial

Answer 11

Denial is the refusal to acknowledge what has happened, is happening, or will happen

Question 12

Defense Mechanism - Repression

Answer 12

A person places uncomfortable thoughts into inaccessible areas of the unconscious mind.

Question 13

Defense Mechanism - Displacement

Answer 13

A shift of emotion from the original object to a more acceptable, less threatening substitute.

e.g. Kicking the dog, taking it out on your wife.

Question 14

Defense Mechanism - Rationalization

Answer 14

Justifying unacceptable actions

Question 15

Defense Mechanism - Fantasy

Answer 15

Daydreaming about how things should be rather than doing something about how they are

Question 16

Defense Mechanism - Compensation

Answer 16

Disguising the presence of a weak quality by emphasizing a more positive one

Question 17

Defense Mechanism - Projection

Answer 17

Blame is relegated to others for their own shortcomings, mistakes, and transgressions

Question 18

Defense Mechanism - Reaction Formation

Answer 18

Faking a belief opposite the true belief because the true belief causes anxiety

Question 19

What is Anxiety?

Answer 19

A state of mental uneasiness arising from fear; a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, often about something that is going to happen

Question 20

Stress

Answer 20

A feeling of being overwhelmed

Question 21

What is Normal Reaction to Stress

Answer 21

A rapid response that is exact and within the limits of experience and training.

Question 22

Reactions to Stress - Abnormal

Answer 22

PRE SIM
Painstaking Self-Control
Rapid Changes in Emotion
Extreme Over-Cooperation
Severe anger directed at the instructor, service, personnel, and others
Inappropriate laughter or singing
Marked Changes in mood on different lessons

Question 23

Flight Instructors Actions Regarding Seriously Abnormal Learners

Answer 23

Refrain from instructing the learner and assure they don’t continue training / become certificated

Arrange for another instructor to conduct an evaluation flight. After the flight, the instructors should confer to determine whether they agree that further investigation or action is justified

Question 24

Basic Elements of Communication

Answer 24

SSR
Source - Sender, Speaker, Writer, Encoder, Transmitter, Instructor.
Symbol - words or signs, or simple oral, visual, or tactile codes
Receiver - the listener, reader, or learner

Question 25

What are the Barriers to Communication?

Answer 25

COIL
Confusion between the symbol and symbolized
Overuse of abstractions (upside down wedding cake)
Interference (External Factors)
Lack of common experience
*Greatest Single barrier

Question 26

How to Develop Communication Skills

Answer 26

LIQIR
Listening
Instructional Communication (know & speak about topic well).
Questioning - ask good questions
Instructional Enhancement - The deeper the knowledge about an area, the better the instructor is at conveying it
Role Playing

Question 27

What are Perceptions

Answer 27

Basis of all learning - 5 senses (sight = 75%)

Question 28

Factors That Affect Perception - Acronym

Answer 28

GSTEP
Goals and Values
Self-Concept
Time and Opportunity
Element of Threat
Physical Organism