Task 9- Prosocial behaviour Flashcards
Prosocial behaviour
Acts that are positively valued by society
Helping behaviour
Acts that intentionally benefit someone else
Altruism
Act meant to benefit other person rather than oneself
(no expectation of personal gain)
-> selfless
Empathy
ability to feel another person’s experiences by identifying with & experiences person’s emotions, thoughts & attitudes
Bystander-calculus model
as bystander you calculate perceived costs & benefits of providing help vs. not helping
3 stages/sets of calculating before repsponding
(relating to bystander-calculus model)
1) Physiological arousal
-> greater arousal=greater chance of
helping
2) Labeling arousal as emotion
-> greater feeling of similarity= higher chance of
of empathic concern
3) Evaluative consequences of helping
- > the greater the costs= lower chance of helping
Empathy costs of not helping
Not helping can cause distress
if one empathises with vicitim’s need
Personal costs of not helping
not helping can be costly to bystander as they experience blame
Bystander intervention
individual breaks out of the role of a bystander and helps another person in an emergency
Bystander effect
people are less likely to help in an emergency when they are with others than when alone
-> the greater the number, the less likely it is that anyone will help
Diffusion responsibility
individual assumes that others will take responsibility
as a result no one does
Fear of social blunders
by presence of others one is self-conscious about taking action as one has fear to appear foolish
Moods leading/preventing help
1) good mood:
people who feel good are much more
likely to help others in need
2) bad mood:
feeling bad, sad, depressed are likely to be
internally focused and concentrate on themselves
sociocultural theory
psychological gender differences are determined by individual’s adaptations to restrictions based on their gender in their society
Reciprocity principle
help those who help us
