Task 7 Flashcards
1
Q
What is a syllogism ?
A
- A deductive argument consisting of 2 premises and one conclusion
2
Q
What are the major parts of a categorical Syllogism ?
A
- Major term (predicate in the conclusion)
- minor term (subject in the conclusion)
- Middle term (only in premise not in the conclusion)
3
Q
How do we determine the mood ?
A
- Reading first the proposition from the major , then minor and the conclusion
4
Q
What is so special regarding Ven diagrams and categorical syllogysm ?
A
- the lower left circle to the subject of the conclusion
- the lower right is to the predicate of the conclusion
- Top circle is the middel term
5
Q
What are certain rules for the Venn diagrams regarding the categorical syllogysm ?
A
- X is only placed for premises not for conclusions
- universal argument should allways be enttered first !
6
Q
How do we determin if the argument is valid ?
A
- First check the boolean argument (if it is correct then we are fine)
- if not then = and see if there is a Venn circle that is completely shaded except for one area. If there is such a circle, place a circled ‘‘X’’ in the unshaded part of that Venn circle
- if it not makes sense detrmine if x actually exist
7
Q
8 rules of syllogism ?
A
- There must be three terms.
- If both premises are universal, the conclusion cannot be particular
- The conclusion must not contain the middle term.
- The middle term must be universal at least once.
- Two positive premises cannot yield a negative conclusion.
- Two negative premises are not allowed
- The conclusion is negative if one of the premises is negative and is particular if
one of the premises is particular. - Two particular premises are not allowed
- Middle term must be distributed at least once
- If a term is distributed in the conclusion, then it must be distributed in a premise
8
Q
What are the 4 options of categorical syllogysm ?
A
- M/P
- S/M
- P/M
- S/M
- M/P
- M/S
- P/M
- M/P
9
Q
What is meant by distribution ?
A
look at the picture
