Task 1 DONE

Question 1

What is a self report ?

Answer 1

• taking a questionar about yourself

Question 2

What are some caracteristics regarding self report ?

Answer 2

• Every person has to get the same kind of quetsion with same set of alternatives
• must be objective
• most used method

Question 3

What are the two assumptions regarding self report ?

Answer 3

1. U have to know ur behavior/thoughts and feelings

2. Also u must be willing to report the facts

Question 4

What are some pros about self reports ?

Answer 4

• low cost / high efficiency /short time

- introspective details

Question 5

What are some cons about self reports ?

Answer 5

• Social desirability bias
• Sometimes bad at judging own personality
• if wrong word choice was used could easily lead to missunderstanding
• Cultural differences

Question 6

What is the social desirability factor ?

Answer 6

• you want to look better then u are

Question 7

What are observer reports/ informat reports ?

Answer 7

• third person judging ur character

Question 8

What are some characteristics regarding observer reports ?

Answer 8

• The person which is closest to u should do the report

Question 9

What are some pros regarding observer reports ?

Answer 9

• Can be more objective !
• Can have a higher reliablity by including more observer
• principle of aggregation

Question 10

What are the cons regarding observer report ?

Answer 10

• can lead to false impression (enhancment/aggravate bias
• person himself allways can judge better
• higher cost + more time consuming
• Fundamental attribution error

Question 11

What is the fundamental attribution error ?

Answer 11

• people underestimate situational cirumstances and over estimate personal trades

Question 12

What is the principle of aggregation ?

Answer 12

many reports + diff methods combined -> lead to higher reliability

Question 13

What is the direct behavioral observation ?

Answer 13

• You observe the person directly
• In lab or natural enviorment
• based on that the personality is manifested in everyday life !

Question 14

What are the cons regarding direct behavioral observation ?

Answer 14

• time consuming + very expensive
• ethical issue
• only observing external behavior
• social desiarbility error
• some indicator can not be directly linked to characteristics
• again more reliability because more people can judge !

Question 15

What is the solution to the social desiarbility error and the money problem regarding behavioral observation ?

Answer 15

• EAR = Electronically Activated Recorder

- captures short auditory snapshots of what the individual is doing over numerous time between a random time periods

Question 16

What is Bio/life data ?

Answer 16

• Documents/online data or any kind of objects which give u informaions about your true self.

Question 17

What are some pros regarding bio life data ?

Answer 17

• very objective

- higher external validity

Question 18

What are some cons regarding bio life data ?

Answer 18

• one indicator can not explain ur characteristic

- Problem with Stereotypes

Question 19

What is external validity ?

Answer 19

• Decides wheter the study will occur in real life cases

Question 20

what are the big five traits ?

Answer 20

• • Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness

Question 21

What is multiple Method approach ?

Answer 21

• accuracy would be increased if these methods were applied in combination with one another

Question 22

What are the cons of the multiple method ?

Answer 22

• extra time commitment, money, and resources,

Question 23

What are the pros of multiple method approach ?

Answer 23

• to address new questions that cannot be examined with self-reports alone
• improve construct validity

Question 24

What is self knowledge ?

Answer 24

• 0,4 to 0,6 correlation
• Accurate self-perceptions about how one typically thinks, feels & behaves
• Also, the awareness of how these patterns are interpreted by others (bias)

Question 25

What are the four preconceptions regarding informant report ?

Answer 25

1. They are time consuming 2. They are expensive to collect 3. Informants will not cooperate 4. Informant reports are not valid

Question 26

What was the solution regarding the time consuming aspect in informat behavior ?

Answer 26

- only true for traditional informat methods | - solution = Internet

Question 27

What was the solution regarding the money aspect in informat behavior ?

Answer 27

- Via internet | - do not compensate participants

Question 28

What was the solution regarding the aspect that participants will not cooperate in informat behavior ?

Answer 28

- Solution: | - questionar should be simple and send reminder infos

Question 29

What was the solution regarding the aspect that informat behavior are not valid ?

Answer 29

- Participants should not see their ratings - online questionar are better - Ask them how honest they were - combine info with other data

Question 30

What is the interactionist theorie ?

Answer 30

- individuals select & create their social environments to match preferences, attitudes and self-views

Question 31

What is the Brunskwi lends model ?

Answer 31

- elements in the environment can serve as a kind of lens through which an observer can indirectly perceive underlying constructs - Similar to interactionist theorie - uses Cue utilisation and cue validity

Question 32

What is cue utilisation ?

Answer 32

- refers to link between observable cue (unorganised desk) and the observer’s judgement (messy)

Question 33

What is cue validity ?

Answer 33

- Explains how valid/usefull a cue is

Question 34

What is an Exteria behaviour residue ?

Answer 34

- A cue which u use for outside behavior something u do outside the room

Question 35

What is an Interia behaviour residue ?

Answer 35

- A cue which u use for inside behavior | - Something u use inside the room where u find it

Question 36

What is a self directed identity claim ?

Answer 36

- Something u have in your room because u want that in your room

Question 37

What is a other directed identy claim ?

Answer 37

- Something u have in your room because u want to show of

Question 38

What is a zero acquaintance study ?

Answer 38

- A life data study where u do not know the person

Question 39

What is a Long term acquaintance study ?

Answer 39

- A life data study where you do know the person quite well

Question 40

What is construct validity ?

Answer 40

- is the accuracy of a measurement of the theoretical concept

Question 41

Where should u look for cues to describe a person and what should u allways leave out regarding linking the cue to the behavior?

Answer 41

- In a personal room | - Leave out stereotypes

Question 42

What is meta accuracy ?

Answer 42

- reflects peoples awareness of their reputation.

Question 43

What is Dyadic ?

Answer 43

- reflects people’s awareness of the impression they make on specific individuals(person specific)