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Pharm I > T3-Asthma and COPD-MJ > Flashcards

T3-Asthma and COPD-MJ Flashcards

1
Q

What are controllers?

A

Taken daily

NOT for acute symptoms

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2
Q

What are rescue meds?

A

Taken PRN

QUICK onset

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3
Q

What are the 5 major classes for asthma and COPD drugs?

A
  1. SABAs
  2. LABAs
  3. Inhaled glucocorticoids
  4. Short-acting anticholinergics
  5. Long-acting anticholinergics
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4
Q

What does SABA stand for?

A

Short-acting beta agonists

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5
Q

What is the MOA of SABAs?

A

Lungs have beta2 receptors and whenever they are activated (by a SABA) they cause bronchodilation

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6
Q

SABAs:

Short or long acting?

A

Short

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7
Q

SABAs:

Slow or quick onset?

A

Quick onset

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8
Q

SABAs:

Short or long duration?

A

Short

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9
Q

SABAs: Controllers or rescue meds?

A

Rescue med

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10
Q

SABAs are reduce meds for ___ & ____.

A

COPD and asthma

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11
Q

What are adverse effects of SABAs?

A

They act on beta receptors, so the heart may be stimulated as well which would cause tachycardia, jitteriness, and headache

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12
Q

What are 2 examples of SABAs?

A

Albuterol

Levalbuterol

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13
Q

SABA: Levalbuterol was made with the thought of reducing the adverse effects of tachycardia (since albuterol has that effect). It was found that the levalbuterol can reduce the tachycardia by 4bmp. Is this good?

A

No, that is basically not helpful at all with that side-effect.

Levalbuterol had good intentions but it does not help reduce any tachycardia. Levalbuterol is basically a more expensive version of albuterol. It is the same drug essentially.

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14
Q

What does LABA stand for?

A

Long-acting beta agonists

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15
Q

What is the MOA of LABA?

A

Activate beta receptors in the lungs causing bronchodilation

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16
Q

LABA: Slow or fast onset?

A

Slow

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17
Q

LABA: Short or long duration?

A

Long

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18
Q

How long does it take a LABA to work?

A

2-3 hours

19
Q

What is LABA good for?

A

COPD

20
Q

What does LABA have a black box warning for?

A

ASTHMA–>it is CONTRAINDICATED to take a LABA if you have asthma!!! You can not take a LABA by itself if you have asthma. You ave to take it in addition to an actual asthma med!!!

  • asthma related deaths is what caused this BBW
  • African americans seemed to have this more
21
Q

What are the adverse effects of LABA?

A

Same as SABAs (tachycardia, jitteriness, and headache)

22
Q

What are the two types of LABA?

A

Formoterol

Salmeterol

23
Q

Inhaled glucocorticoids are great for _____.

A

Asthma

24
Q

Are inhaled glucocorticoids controllers or rescuers?

A

Controllers

25
Q

How long does it take for an inhaled glucocorticoid to work?

What are the adverse effects of inhaled glucocorticoids?

A

1-2 weeks

Thrush–teach the patient to rinse out mouth after spraying

26
Q

What receptors do glucocorticoids work on?

What are the two glucocorticoid drugs?

A

None- TRICK QUESTION
They are anti-inflammatory drugs

Fluticasone
Budesonide

27
Q

Short-acting anticholinergics: Short or fast acting?

A

Short acting

28
Q

Are short-acting anticholinergics controllers or rescue meds?

A

Rescue

29
Q

Short-acting anticholinergics are best for _____.

A

COPD

30
Q

If you are taking a short-acting anticholinergics, how long does it take to work?
(like exact timing answer)

A

It will start working in 30 seconds and by 3 min, it has reached 50% max effectivness

31
Q

Short-acting anticholinergics: What is the MOA?

A

Block muscarninic receptors in resp. tract

32
Q

Short-acting anticholinergics: Lipid soluble or not lipid soluble?

A

NOT lipid soluble

This is good and keeps the drug in the resp. tract

33
Q

What are the adverse effects of short-acting anticholinergics?

A

Dry mouth, irritated throat

Since these drugs are not lipid soluble, they don’t cause all anti-cholinergic effects like you would expect. These drugs are sprayed into the mouth–so you can expect the dry mouth anti-cholinergic effect to show up here with this drug

34
Q

What is the short-acting anticholinergic drug?

A

Ipratropium–COPD rescue med

35
Q

What is the long-acting anticholinergic med MOA?

A

Block muscarninic receptors in the resp. tract

36
Q

Are long-acting anticholinergics controllers or rescuers?

A

Controllers–last for 24 hours

37
Q

What do long-acting anticholinergics control (asthma or COPD)

A

COPD controller

38
Q

What is the drug for long-acting anticholinergic control?

A

Tiotropium

39
Q

Long-acting anticholinergic: Tiotropium

What is the special thing we need to know about this drug form?

A

It is a capsule but you put it inside a crusher thing and the capsule is punctured and you suck the drug into the lungs. DO NOT SWALLOW THE CAPSULE

40
Q

What is the oral agent that can be given for asthma?

A

Montelukast

41
Q

Is montelukast an oral agent to swallow or chew?

A

Chewable!!

42
Q

What does montelukast do?

A

Blocks leukotrienes (inflammatory substance)

43
Q

What side-effects occur with montelukast for most people?

A

None

44
Q

There are some reports of neuropsychiatric events when taking a montelukast. This is RARE. What are the 2 examples of the neuropsychiatric events that could occur?

A

Mood change

Suicidal

Pharm I (30 decks)

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