T3-Asthma and COPD-MJ Flashcards
What are controllers?
Taken daily
NOT for acute symptoms
What are rescue meds?
Taken PRN
QUICK onset
What are the 5 major classes for asthma and COPD drugs?
- SABAs
- LABAs
- Inhaled glucocorticoids
- Short-acting anticholinergics
- Long-acting anticholinergics
What does SABA stand for?
Short-acting beta agonists
What is the MOA of SABAs?
Lungs have beta2 receptors and whenever they are activated (by a SABA) they cause bronchodilation
SABAs:
Short or long acting?
Short
SABAs:
Slow or quick onset?
Quick onset
SABAs:
Short or long duration?
Short
SABAs: Controllers or rescue meds?
Rescue med
SABAs are reduce meds for ___ & ____.
COPD and asthma
What are adverse effects of SABAs?
They act on beta receptors, so the heart may be stimulated as well which would cause tachycardia, jitteriness, and headache
What are 2 examples of SABAs?
Albuterol
Levalbuterol
SABA: Levalbuterol was made with the thought of reducing the adverse effects of tachycardia (since albuterol has that effect). It was found that the levalbuterol can reduce the tachycardia by 4bmp. Is this good?
No, that is basically not helpful at all with that side-effect.
Levalbuterol had good intentions but it does not help reduce any tachycardia. Levalbuterol is basically a more expensive version of albuterol. It is the same drug essentially.
What does LABA stand for?
Long-acting beta agonists
What is the MOA of LABA?
Activate beta receptors in the lungs causing bronchodilation
LABA: Slow or fast onset?
Slow
LABA: Short or long duration?
Long
How long does it take a LABA to work?
2-3 hours
What is LABA good for?
COPD
What does LABA have a black box warning for?
ASTHMA–>it is CONTRAINDICATED to take a LABA if you have asthma!!! You can not take a LABA by itself if you have asthma. You ave to take it in addition to an actual asthma med!!!
- asthma related deaths is what caused this BBW
- African americans seemed to have this more
What are the adverse effects of LABA?
Same as SABAs (tachycardia, jitteriness, and headache)
What are the two types of LABA?
Formoterol
Salmeterol
Inhaled glucocorticoids are great for _____.
Asthma
Are inhaled glucocorticoids controllers or rescuers?
Controllers
How long does it take for an inhaled glucocorticoid to work?
What are the adverse effects of inhaled glucocorticoids?
1-2 weeks
Thrush–teach the patient to rinse out mouth after spraying
What receptors do glucocorticoids work on?
What are the two glucocorticoid drugs?
None- TRICK QUESTION
They are anti-inflammatory drugs
Fluticasone
Budesonide
Short-acting anticholinergics: Short or fast acting?
Short acting
Are short-acting anticholinergics controllers or rescue meds?
Rescue
Short-acting anticholinergics are best for _____.
COPD
If you are taking a short-acting anticholinergics, how long does it take to work?
(like exact timing answer)
It will start working in 30 seconds and by 3 min, it has reached 50% max effectivness
Short-acting anticholinergics: What is the MOA?
Block muscarninic receptors in resp. tract
Short-acting anticholinergics: Lipid soluble or not lipid soluble?
NOT lipid soluble
This is good and keeps the drug in the resp. tract
What are the adverse effects of short-acting anticholinergics?
Dry mouth, irritated throat
Since these drugs are not lipid soluble, they don’t cause all anti-cholinergic effects like you would expect. These drugs are sprayed into the mouth–so you can expect the dry mouth anti-cholinergic effect to show up here with this drug
What is the short-acting anticholinergic drug?
Ipratropium–COPD rescue med
What is the long-acting anticholinergic med MOA?
Block muscarninic receptors in the resp. tract
Are long-acting anticholinergics controllers or rescuers?
Controllers–last for 24 hours
What do long-acting anticholinergics control (asthma or COPD)
COPD controller
What is the drug for long-acting anticholinergic control?
Tiotropium
Long-acting anticholinergic: Tiotropium
What is the special thing we need to know about this drug form?
It is a capsule but you put it inside a crusher thing and the capsule is punctured and you suck the drug into the lungs. DO NOT SWALLOW THE CAPSULE
What is the oral agent that can be given for asthma?
Montelukast
Is montelukast an oral agent to swallow or chew?
Chewable!!
What does montelukast do?
Blocks leukotrienes (inflammatory substance)
What side-effects occur with montelukast for most people?
None
There are some reports of neuropsychiatric events when taking a montelukast. This is RARE. What are the 2 examples of the neuropsychiatric events that could occur?
Mood change
Suicidal
