T2L3 Protein Structure Flashcards
What are the five main parts of an amino acid?
Central carbon atom
Hydrogen
Amine NH2 group
Carboxyl COOH group
R residual group - unique to each amino acid
Describe what the primary structure of a proteinis
The sequence of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds resulting in a polypeptide chain
Describe what the secondary structure of a protein is
When hydrogen bonds form between amino acids between nearby amino acids ( to normally form either an alpha helix or a beta pleated sheet
Describe what the tertiary structure of a protein is
(name 4 bonds)
When more bonds form between different R groups to form the specific 3D structure of the protein.
These bonds are:
- ionic
-disulfide
- hydrophobic interactions
- hydrogen bonds
Describe what a quaternary structure is
Name a protein that has a quaternary structure
Formed when a protein is made from more than one polypeptide chain.
Haemoglobin
What are the 2 different types of protein
Fibrous and Globular
Name 4 characteristics of a globular protein
- The shape is spherical
- This is what type of protein enzymes are
- Soluble
- Have hydrophilic side chains
Name 2 examples of globular proteins
- Haemoglobin
- Insulin
Name 4 characteristics of a fibrous protein
- Long (polypeptide) chains
- Cross-linked for strength
- Structural proteins
- Tend to be less sensitive to changes in temperature and pH than globular
Name 2 examples of fibrous proteins
Keratin
Collagen