T1L12 Lipids Flashcards
Structure of a glycerol
H | H- C-OH | H- C -OH | H - C-OH | H
H-C-C-C-H chain downwards
all cs have h on one side and ohs on other side
Structure of one fatty acid
O || HO- C - R'
Structure of three fatty acids
O || HO- C - R' O || HO- C - R' O || HO- C - R'
Structure of a triglyceride
check online image
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1UBoG09A_pC8vGtlbauLRVyBzaoHJB-JtN0ZVdaVJvSM/edit#slide=id.g1c64fe8242c_0_190
Formation of a fatty acid from glycerol and three fatty acids is what type of reaction
Condensation as 3H2O is produced
Which part of the lipid is the ester bond
O || C -- O
Describe the structure of a saturated fat
All C-C bonds are single
This means that the molecule is straight and they can pack more closely together
What state are saturated fats at room temperature
Solid
Describe the structure of monosaturated fats
All C-C bonds are single except one
What state are monosaturated fats at room temperature
Liquid
Describe the structure of polysaturated fats
Multiple C=C double bonds in the chain
What state are polysaturated fats at room temperature
Liquid
What is the effect of C=C double bonds in the lipid chain
Double bonds cause the molecule chain to bend so they cannot pack closely together which means that they are liquids at room temperature
Explain 5 different roles of lipids
Cell membranes to assist flexibility and transfer substances that are soluble in lipids
Energy - provide 2x energy than carbohydrates and release water when broken down by hydrolysis
Waterproofing in plants as lipids are insoluble in water - prevents the loss of water
Insulation - fats are poor conductors of heat
Protection - of delicate organs e.g kidneys
Describe the solubility of lipids
Soluble in alcohol
Insoluble in water