T2 L6: Anatomy and function of basal ganglia Flashcards
Which structures make up the basal ganglia?
The caudate nucleus, thalamus, putamen, globus pallidus, and the red nucleus
What is the globus pallidus split into?
Into pars externa and pars interna
Which structures is the Pallidum made up of?
The internal and external Globus pallidus
Which structures is the Lentiform nucleus made up of?
The putamen and globus pallidus
Which structures is the corpus striatum made up of?
Caudate nucleus, putamen, and pallidum
What divides the structures within the corpus striatum and what is it made up of?
It’s divided by the internal capsule made up of ascending and descending tracts (white matter)
Which structures is the neostriatum made up of?
The caudate nucleus and putamen
What is the nucleus Accumbens for?
It mediates reward behaviour and addiction
What are the 4 basal ganglia loops?
Motor, oculomotor, prefrontal, and limbic
What the direct pathway for?
To promote movement
Which structures are involved in the direct pathway?
The cortex, striatum, internal globus pallidus, and the thalamus
What is the indirect pathway for?
To withhold movement
Which structures are involved in the indirect pathway?
The cortex, striatum, external globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, internal globus pallidus, and the thalamus
What is the hyperdirect pathway for?
As an emergency stop
Which structures are involved in the hyperdirect pathway?
The cortex, subthalamic nucleus, internal globus pallidus, and the thalamus (it bypasses the striatum and the external globus pallidus
