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2.1 T2: Sensory inputs and motor outputs > T2 L13: The neck and oral cavity > Flashcards

T2 L13: The neck and oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the oral vestibule?

A

The space between the lips and teeth

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2
Q

What are the 2 division of the tongue?

A

The oral (anterior 2 thirds) and the pharyngeal (posterior third)

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of papillae covering the tongue?

A

Fungiform
Filiform
Vallate

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4
Q

What is the only type of papillae on the tongue without taste buds?

A

The Filiform papillae

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5
Q

What is the frenulum?

A

The medial fold under the tongue that separates the left and right side

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6
Q

What is meant by intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

The intrinsic muscles lie entirely within the tongue, while the extrinsic muscles attach the tongue to other structures

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical

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8
Q

What do the longitudinal, transverse, and vertical muscles of the tongue do?

A

They provide precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing

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9
Q

What does the Genioglossus muscles of the tongue do?

A

Depresses and protrudes the tongue

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10
Q

What does the Hyoglossus muscle of the tongue do?

A

Depresses the tongue

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11
Q

What does the Styloglossus muscle of the tongue do?

A

Retracts the tongue

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12
Q

What does the Palatoglossus muscle of the tongue do?

A

Elevates back of the tongue and depresses the soft palate

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13
Q

What does Glosso- refer to?

A

Attachment to the tongue

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14
Q

What does Genio- refer to?

A

Attachment to the inside of the mandible

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15
Q

What does Stylo- refer to?

A

Attachment to the Styloid process

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16
Q

What does Hyo- refer to?

A

Attachment to the Hyoid bone

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17
Q

Why does the tongue deviate towards the side of where the lesion is?

A

Because the muscles on the other side still work and push

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18
Q

What is the taste innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Facial nerve (CN7) via chorda tympani contributing to the lingual nerve (V3)

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19
Q

What is the sensation innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Lingual nerve (V3) from the mandibular nerve

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20
Q

What is the taste innervation to the posterior 1/3 of the tingue?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN9)

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21
Q

What is the sensation innervation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN9)

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22
Q

What is the motor innervation to the tongue?

A

The Hypoglossal (CN11) to the whole tongue except the palatoglossus muscles which is innervated by CNX

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23
Q

Where is the exit of the Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN9)?

A

The jugular foramen

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24
Q

Which nerve innervates the parotid gland?

A

The glossopharyngeal nerve to stimulate secretion

25
Q

Which nerve innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

The Glossopharyngeal (CN9)

26
Q

Where is the exit of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

The hypoglossal canal

27
Q

What is the function of the larynx?

A

It provides a protective sphincter for air passage and produces phonation

28
Q

What is phonation?

A

Produces speech sounds

29
Q

What are the cartilaginous structures that make up the larynx?

A 
Thyroid
Arytenoid 
Corniculate
Cricoid
Cuneiform
Epiglottis
30
Q

What is the sensory and motor innervation to the pharynx?

A

The vagus nerve via the superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch

31
Q

Which artery supplies the larynx?

A

The superior and inferior thyroid artery

32
Q

What is the first ring of cartilage on the trachea called?

A

The cricoid process

33
Q

What are the 3 sections of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx
Laryngopharynx
Oropharynx

34
Q

What are the 3 constrictor muscles of the pharynx?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior

35
Q

What is the motor innervation of the pharynx?

A

The vagus nerve (CNX)

36
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the pharynx?

A

CNV2, CN9, CNX

37
Q

Where does the vagus nerve exit?

A

The jugular foramen

38
Q

What does the vagus nerve innervtae/

A
  • Sensory: larynx, dura mater
  • Taste: Epiglottis and pharynx
  • Visceral sensory: aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut, and foregut
  • Motor: palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx
  • Visceral motor: parasympathetic to smooth muscle glands in pharynx, larynx, thorax, foregut, and midgut
39
Q

What is the common symptom of iatrogenic damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

Hoarseness of the voice

40
Q

What are the 7 vertebrae that support the neck

A

Atlas
Axis
C3-7

41
Q

What are the 3 layers of fascia in the neck?

A

Pretracheal
Prevertebral
Investing

42
Q

What are the 2 main function of fascia?

A

Reduces the spread of infection and enables structures to move past each other in movement

43
Q

What does the carotid sheath contain?

A 
Common and internal carotid arteries
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve 
Deep cervical lymph nodes 
Carotid sinus nerve
44
Q

Which muscle divides the anterior and posterior compartments of the neck?

A

The sternocleidomastoid muscle

45
Q

Which triangles is the anterior compartment of the neck subdivided into?

A

Submental triangle
Submandibular triangles
Carotid triangles
Muscular triangles

46
Q

Which triangles is the posterior compartment of the neck subdivided into?

A

Occipital triangles

Omoclavicular triangles

47
Q

What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangles?

A

The anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle

48
Q

What does the submandibular triangle contain?

A

The submandibular gland, facial artery, and facial vein

49
Q

What are the boundaries of the submental triangle?

A

Anterior belly of the digastric

50
Q

What does the submental triangle contain?

A

Lymph nodes

51
Q

What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?

A

Omohyoid and sternocleidmastoid muscles

52
Q

What is contained within the muscular triangle?

A

Supra and infrahyoid muscles

53
Q

What are the boundries of the carotid triangles?

A

The omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, and sternocleidomastoid

54
Q

What is contained within the carotid triangle?

A

The common carotid, Internal jugular vein, CNX, CNXI, CNXII

55
Q

What is contained within the posterior triangle?

A

Subclavian artery, external jugular vein, brachial plexus, CNXI, Cervical plexus

56
Q

What are the boundaries of the occipital triangle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle, trapezius, and omohyoid

57
Q

What are the boundaries of the Supraclavicular triangle?

A

Clavicular head of the sternocleidomastoid, clavicle, and omohyoid

58
Q

Which nerve provides motor supply to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles?

A

The accessory nerve (CNXI)

It allows for shrugging of shoulders

59
Q

Where does the accessory nerve exit the cranium?

A

The jugular foramen

2.1 T2: Sensory inputs and motor outputs (14 decks)

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