T2 - Drug Elimination E2 Flashcards
What is drug excretion?
The process by which intact drugs and its metabolites are irreversibly removed from the body
What is the principle organ for excretion?
Kidneys
What are other organs used for excretion besides the kidneys?
- Lungs
- Biliary system
- Salivary
- Sweat glands
What is a nephron?
The functional unit of the kidney involved in excretion
What are the components of the nephron?
Vascular and tubular
What are glomerulus?
A network of glomerular capillaries
What is the filter of the glomerulus?
Bowman’s capsule
What happens when blood enters the glomerulus?
Blood is filtered so that free filtrate can pass through the tubule
What are the mechanisms of renal excretion?
- Glomerular filtration
- Tubular secretion
- Tubular reabsorption
What mechanisms remove drugs from circulation?
- Glomerular filtration
- Tubular secretion
What mechanisms moves drug from inner tube back into circulation?
Tubular reabsorption
What drives glomerular filtration?
Passive diffusion
What is the size of molecules that undergo glomerular filtration?
MW < 6kDa
What is type of drugs undergo glomerular filtration?
Molecules that are unbound to plasma proteins
How is glomerular filtration rate determined?
Insulin and creatinine