T1DM critical deck

Question 1

Define T1DM (2)

Answer 1

• Absolute insulin deficiency, usually resulting from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta islet cells in the pancreas
• Type 4 hypersensitivity

Question 2

what type of hypersensitivity reaction is T1DM?

Answer 2

• Type 4 hypersensitivity

Question 3

Macrovascular complications of T1DM and what it can lead to (4)

Answer 3

Atherosclerosis, which leads to:
- CVD
- Stroke
- Peripheral arterial disease

Question 4

Microvascular complications of T1DM (3)

Answer 4

• Nephropathy
• Retinopathy -> glaucoma, cataracts
• Neuropathy -> diabetic foot disease

Question 5

Other autoimmune conditions that can result from T1DM (most to least common) (6)

Answer 5

• Thyroid disease
• Autoimmune gastritis
• Pernicious anemia
• Coeliac disease
• Vitiligo
• Addison’s disease

Question 6

Symptoms of T1DM (6)

Answer 6

• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Weight loss
• Lethargy
• Recurrent infections
• Evidence of complications - eg: blurred vision or parasthesia