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2.1 T1: Fundamental Neuroscience and the Brain > T1 L24: Clinical Biochemistry of neurological disease > Flashcards

T1 L24: Clinical Biochemistry of neurological disease Flashcards

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1
Q

Which foods are rich in 5-HIAA precursors and shouldn’t be eaten 4 before a 5-HIAA blood analysis?

A

Walnuts, Chocolate, Tomatoes, Aubergine, Avocado, Plums, Bananas, Kiwi, Pineapple

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2
Q

What is somatostatin receptor scintigraphy?

A

A type of radiology that helps identify where carcinoid tumours are

It binds to somatostatin receptors on the tumours

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3
Q

Where is plasma chromogranin A found?

A

Any cell with secretory vesicles so it can be used as a tumour marker

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4
Q

What is Serum Calcitonin for?

A

It naturally brings down blood calcium after a meal

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5
Q

What is the role of the supraoptic nucelus?

A

The circadian rhythms

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6
Q

How are neural tube defect screened for?

A

Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and foetal ultrasounds

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7
Q

What is serum alpha-fetoprotein?

A

It produced by the liver and yolk sac

It’s structurally and functionally similar to albumin

It can be used to screen for neural tube defects

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8
Q

What are the neurological effects of low sodium?

A

Cramps, decreased reflexes, encephalopathy

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9
Q

What are the neurological effects of high sodium?

A

Weakness increased reflexes, tremor, encephalopathy

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10
Q

What are the neurological effects of low potassium?

A

Weakness, normal reflexes, paraesthesia

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11
Q

What are the neurological effects of high potassium?

A

Weakness, decreased reflexes

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12
Q

What are the neurological effects of low calcium?

A

Tetany, encephalopathy

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13
Q

What are the neurological effects of high calcium?

A

Weakness, increased reflexes, encephalopathy

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14
Q

What are the neurological effects of low magnesium?

A

Tetany, increased reflexes, encephalopathy

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15
Q

What are the neurological effects of high magnesium?

A

Flaccid paralysis

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16
Q

What are the neurological effects of low phosphate?

A

Flaccid paralysis

17
Q

What is re-feeding syndrome?

A

Severe fluid and electrolyte shifts following malnourishment

Usually happens days after initiating refeeding

18
Q

What can testing neurone specific enolase show?

A

It released following neuronal cell death so it will correlate with the extent of hypoxic brain injury

19
Q

What is suxamethonium apnoea?

A

The patient is unable to move or breathe on their own for a couple of hours following surgery because the suxamethonium mimics acetylcholine in depolarisation so it’s all depleted after surgery

It called pseudocholinesterase deficiency

2.1 T1: Fundamental Neuroscience and the Brain (24 decks)

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