T1 Blueprint - Cardiovascular Assessment (Josh)

Question 1

When does the SA node contract?

Answer 1

during diastole

Question 2

When does the Left Atrium empty blood into Left Ventricle?

Answer 2

diastole

Question 3

When do the AV valves close and the Semilunar valves open?

Answer 3

Systole (squeeze)

Question 4

What is the best indicator of fluid balance?

Answer 4

weight (1 L - 1 kg)

Question 5

What is normal Systolic Pressure of Pulmonary Artery (PAS)?

Diastolic Pressure of Pulmonary Artery (PAD)?

Answer 5

PAS = 20-30 mmHg

PAD = 5-10 mmHg

Question 6

What is normal Pulmonary Artery Mean Pressure (PAm)?

Answer 6

10-15 mmHg

Question 7

What is normal PAWP?

Answer 7

4-12 mmHg

***represents filling pressures of the LEFT SIDE of heart

Question 8

What is normal CO?

Answer 8

4-6 L/min

Question 9

What is normal CI?

Answer 9

2.2-4.0 L/min

***adjusts CO for BSA

Question 10

What is normal SV?

Answer 10

60-70 mL

Question 11

What is normal SVR?

Answer 11

800-1400 dynes

***lower indicates vasodilation

***higher indicates vasoconstriction

Question 12

What medications can raise SVR?

Answer 12

DA and NE

***constrict vessels

Question 13

What medications can lower SVR?

Answer 13

Nitroprusside
Nitroglycerine
Hydralazine

***vasodilators

Question 14

— is synonymous with afterload.

Answer 14

SVR

Question 15

What is normal CVP?

Answer 15

2-5 mmHg

***represents filling pressure of right side of heart

Question 16

What is normal SVO2?

Answer 16

60-80%

Question 17

What do high values (more than 80%) SVO2 indicate?

Answer 17

Hyperoxygenation

Anesthesia

Sepsis

False reading

Question 18

What do low values (less than 60%) SVO2 indicate?

Answer 18

Anemia

Bleeding

Cardiogenic Shock

Hyperthermia

Seizures

Activity

Hypoxemia

Question 19

What is normal SVV?

Answer 19

less than 10-15%

• **if too high, they need a fluid bolus
• **anything above 10 is a Pulsus Paradoxus

Question 20

What do SVV below 10-15% indicate?

Answer 20

client will likely not benefit from extra fluids

Question 21

— represents the afterload for the LEFT side of the heart.

Answer 21

SVR (800-1400 dynes)

Question 22

— represents the afterload for the RIGHT side of the heart.

Answer 22

PVR (100-250 dynes)

Question 23

What are drugs that INCREASE afterload?

Answer 23

DA

NE

Question 24

What are drugs that DECREASE afterload?

Answer 24

Nitroprusside

Nitroglycerine

Hydralazine

Question 25

With hemodynamic monitoring, where do you place the transducer?

Answer 25

Phlebostatic Axis ***4th ICS and Half way between the AP diameter

Question 26

With hemodynamic monitoring, how do you test the accuracy of the numbers?

Answer 26

Flash Flush Waveform Test ***rapidly flushes the artery with saline

Question 27

With hemodynamic monitoring, what do you do before accessing the Radial Artery?

Answer 27

Allen's Test

Question 28

With hemodynamic monitoring, what is an important assessment?

Answer 28

distal circulation - monitor for numbness, pain

Question 29

With hemodynamic monitoring, what do we set the pressure bag to?

Answer 29

300 mmHg

Question 30

With hemodynamic monitoring, how long do we apply pressure upon removal of catheter?

Answer 30

10 mins

Question 31

With hemodynamic monitoring, what position do we want the HOB?

Answer 31

between 0 to 60 degrees

Question 32

With hemodynamic monitoring, how is the transducer calibrated?

Answer 32

opening it to atmospheric pressure very shift and every position change

Question 33

--- ---- is an invasive diagnostic procedure that involves the use of dye as contrast media to allow visualization of circulation.

Answer 33

Cardiac Angiography

Question 34

What is important to monitor when performing Cardiac Angiography?

Answer 34

Kidney function (BUN and Cr) because dye can affect kidney perfusion

Question 35

With any invasive producedure, what do we always check for?

Answer 35

bleeding (hematomas will be hard) pulses distal to the site

Question 36

What are four contributing factors for SVO2?

Answer 36

CO (preload, afterload, contractility, HR) Hgb SaO2 Tissue Metabolism