ECG Interpretation Part 2 (Josh) Flashcards
What is an Artifact?
markings on ECG tracing that are NOT a product of heart’s electrical activity
***patient moving, etc
If electricity flows towards the positive electrode, the deflection will be —
If electricity flows towards the negative electrode, the deflection will be —
positive
negative
Where should lead V1 be placed?
4th ICS Right sternal border
Which leads can only be positive?
Augmented Vector Leads
aVr
aVl
aVf
Which limb leads view the frontal plane of the heart?
I, II, III, aVr, aVl, and aVf
Which leads view the horizontal plane of the heart?
the prechordial leads (V1-V6)
What are the two most common leads?
Lead II (atrial dysrythmias)
Lead V1 (ventricular ectopy)
What is an R Wave Progression?
progression of R Wave from V1 to V6
***starts negative on V1 and progresses until completely positive on V6
What is a normal Axis?
conduction of most electrical activity through the ventricle
Ventricular Axis:
What charge is Normal?
Lead I is +
Lead aVf is +
Ventricular Axis:
What charge is Right Axis Deviation?
Lead I is -
Lead aVf is +
Ventricular Axis:
What charges is Left Axis Deviation?
Lead I is +
Lead aVF is -
Ventricular Axis:
What charge is NW (indeterminate)?
Lead I is -
Lead aVf is -
How to remember Ventricular Axis:
NRLNW ++ -+ +- –
NRLNW Plus Plus Minus Plus Plus Minus Minus Minus
**remember order is Lead I then Lead aVf
What is Normal Ventricular Axis?
conduction going through ventricle
What is Right Ventricular Axis Deviation?
conduction deviates to the right of the ventricle
***ditto for Left Ventricular Deviation
What is Extreme Right Ventricular Axis Deviation?
conduction goes in opposite direction of ventricle
What are causes of Left Axis Deviation?
MI
Artificial Cardiac Pacing
Emphysema
Hyperkalemia
Injection of contrast into left coronary artery
Left ventricular hypertrophy
What are causes of Right Axis Deviation?
Normal in kids and tall thin adults
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Chronic lung disease
Anterolateral MI
PE
What are Causes of Northwest Axis (–)?
Emphysema
Hyperkalemia
Lead Transposition
Artificial Cardiac Pacing
Ventricular Tachycardia
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Slide 41
