T1 - 3.1.6 ATP Flashcards
1
Q
what does ATP stand for
A
adenosine triophosphate
2
Q
what is energy needed for
A
- metabolism
- movement
- active transport
- maintenance, repair and divisions of cells
- production of substances
- thermoregulation
3
Q
what is ATP made up of
A
adenine, ribose and 3 phosphate groups with high energy bonds between them
4
Q
how does ATP release energy
A
- 3 phosphate groups joined by high energy bonds
- ATP is hydrolysed by ATPase to create ADP + Pi
- this releases lots of energy by breaking phosphoanhydride bonds
5
Q
equation for ATP hydrolysis
A
ATP ->/<- ADP + Pi + 30KJ mol-1
6
Q
is ATP hydrolysis reversible
A
yes
7
Q
what type of reaction is ADP + Pi –> ATP
A
condensation reaction
8
Q
what are the 3 ways of ATP resynthesis
A
- photophosphorylation
- oxidative phosphorylation
- substrate level phosphorylation
9
Q
how does photophosphorylation work
A
occurs in chlorophyll during photosynthesis
10
Q
how does oxidative phosphorylation work
A
occurs in the mitochondria during electron transport
11
Q
how does substrate level phosphorylation work
A
phosphate groups are transferred from phosphocreatine to ADP
12
Q
uses of ATP resynthesis
A
- metabolic processes
- active transport
- activation of molecules
- phosphorylation of glucose
13
Q
advantages of ATP synthesis
A
- instant source of energy in a cell
- releases energy in small amounts
- it is mobile and transports chemical energy to where it is needed
- universal energy carrier
