T1 - 3.1.5.1 Dna + Rna

Question 1

what is the structure of DNA

Answer 1

• made of polynucleotides
• lots of nucleotides joined together with hydrogen bonds
• twisted to form a double helix

Question 2

what is one nucleotide made up of

Answer 2

phosphate group, pentose sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 3

what is the structure of strands

Answer 3

they are antiparallel (flip over with each bond)

Question 4

what bond is the sugar-phosphate backbone

Answer 4

phosphodiester

Question 5

how many hydrogen bonds form between adenine and thymine

Answer 5

2

Question 6

how many hydrogen bonds form between guanine and cytosine

Answer 6

3

Question 7

comparison between DNA and RNA

Answer 7

DNA:
- double stranded
- Thymine
- deoxyribose sugar
RNA:
- single stranded
- Uracil
- ribose sugar

Question 8

comparison between DNA and ATP

Answer 8

DNA:
- adenine
- 1 phosphate
- deoxyribose
ATP:
- adenine
- 3 phosphates
- ribose sugar

Question 9

differences in DNA in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic

Answer 9

eukaryotic:
- long and linear
- associated with histones and forms a chromatin
- multiple linear DNA molecules organized into chromosomes
- DNA is housed within the nucleus, a membrane-bound organelle
prokaryotic:
- Generally short and circular
- Not associated with histone proteins
- Typically have a single circular DNA molecule
- DNA is located in the nucleoid region, which is not membrane-bound