T1 - 1.3.1 amino acids and the peptide bond Flashcards
what monomer makes up a protein
amino acids
how many naturally occurring amino acids are there
20
what determines a protein’s shape and function
the sequence, type and number of amino acids
what do proteins form in cells
- enzymes
- cell membrane
- hormones
- immunoproteins
- transport proteins
- structural proteins
- contractile proteins
what are amino acids made up of
- an amino group NH2
- carboxylic acid group COOH
- hydrogen atom
- an ‘R’ group
what is an ‘R’ group
the variable group in each amino acid that determines the folding, the shape and properties of a protein
what does an amino acid look like
what is a polypeptide
many amino acids chemically bonded together - peptide bond
what is the peptide bond
a covalent bond formed between 2 amino acids to create a poly peptide chain
what is a condensation reaction
when monomers combine together to form polymers and water is removed
what does a condensation reaction look like between amino acids
what does a peptide bond look like
what is it called when 2, 3 and 10+ amino acids are bonded
- dipeptide
- tripeptide
- polypeptide
