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Block 4 Ellen > t cells master regulators of adaptive immunity Pt4 (L7) > Flashcards

t cells master regulators of adaptive immunity Pt4 (L7) Flashcards

1
Q

Where is adaptive immunity initiated (3)

A

Lymph nodes
Payers patch
spleen

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2
Q

How does a T cell get into the right immunological tissue

A

it will roll along the epithelial blood cells and if the right chemotactic signals and the right adhesion molecules activation will occur

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3
Q

what increases the expression of integrin ligands increasing the strength of T cell adhesion

A

inflammation

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4
Q

What binds to the MHC AS WELL as the T cell receptor

A

co-receptors (CD8 or CD4)

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5
Q

Where does affinity maturation not occur

A

T cells

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6
Q

What would happen if affinity maturation happened in T cells

A

autoimmunity

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7
Q

priming=

A

stimulation of naive T cell

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8
Q

Why do T cells proliferate

A

to gain effector function

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9
Q

What growth factor is used for antigen stimulated T cells (expansion of T cells)

A

interleukin 2

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10
Q

What does interleukin 2 do

A

activates CD4 and CD8 proliferation

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11
Q

What is the communication of the immune system

A

cytokines

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12
Q

name 3 subclasses of cytokines

A

chemokines
interleukins
interferons

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13
Q

What proximity cells do Cytokines effect most

A

the ones directly next to them

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14
Q

3 ways cytokines can work

A

Autocrine activity
paracrine activity
endocrine activity

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15
Q

name 3 things cytokines control

A

migration
cellular interactions
activation
ect……

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16
Q

What signalling pathways do cytokines use

A

JAK/STAT

17
Q

what 2 cytokines show T cells where to go

A

integrins

chemokines

18
Q

What else do dendritic cells transmit to T cells

A

Info about where they encountered the antigen

19
Q

3 factor affecting the type of T cell effector cell produced

A

dendritic cells,
antigen
lymphoid tissue environment

20
Q

Cytotoxic T cell=

A

MHC class 1

21
Q

T helper cell=

A

MHC class 2

22
Q

How do cytotoxic T cells kill target cells

A

release perforin (pores) and granzyme (protease)

23
Q

Where do CD8+ release perforin-granzyme complex

A

at immunological synapse

24
Q

What does the CD8+ cell form at the immunological synapse

A

secretory domain

25
Q

What do Granzymes do

A

once in cytoplasm trigger a cascade of proteases and cell dies from within

26
Q

how do CD8+ kill cells

A

apoptosis

27
Q

What is good about apoptosis

A

lack of inflammation

28
Q

Two T helper subsets

A

Th1

Th2

29
Q

What is the role of Th1

A

enable macrophages to kill intracellular cargo

30
Q

What cytokine do Th1 produce

A

IFN gamma

31
Q

What cytokines can induce IFN gamma

A

IL-12 and IFN gamma

32
Q

What is the role of Th2

A

expulsion of worm infections

33
Q

What cytokines induce Th2

A

Interleukin 4

34
Q

what cytokines does Th2 produce

A

IL-4

IL-5

Block 4 Ellen (10 decks)

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