Systemic Pathology B Flashcards
Reovirus is a well-established cause of viral arthritis. However, not all reoviruses will cause viral arthritis. Reovirus are associated with all of the following disorders of poultry except?
a.Encephalomyelitis
b.Pericarditis
c.Malabsorption syndrome
d.Osteoporosis
Encephalomyelitis
Avian encephalomyelitis (epidemic tremor) is a viral disease of the CNS of poultry caused by avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV),(family Picornaviridae,
genus Tremovirus, species tremovirus A).
Reovirus is a well-established cause of viral arthritis. However, not all reoviruses will cause viral arthritis. Which of the following is almost always present in older broilers infected with viral arthritis?
a.Decrease fluid in hock joint
b.Swelling of digital extensor
c.Ruptured gastrocnemius tendon
d.Atrophic synovial cells
Ruptured gastrocnemius tendon
Once birds move from a pullet facility into a typical breeder production system. In the henhouse, hens are
expected to be able to jump up onto a slatted area, and this jumping motion can result in rupture of fibrotic tendons.
Reovirus is a well-established cause of viral arthritis. However, not all reoviruses will cause viral arthritis. Helicopter disease is one of the manifestation of malabsorption syndrome, why is it called helicopter disease?
a.Leg weakness and gait abnormality
b.Twisted and malpositioned feathers
c.Brittle bone/Osteoporosis
d.Mucosal and submucosal proventricular
Twisted and malpositioned feathers
The growing primary wing feathers are abnormally big for chickens with retarded growth, they protrude at various angles, hence the name “helicopter disease”.
Reovirus is a well-established cause of viral arthritis. However, not all reoviruses will cause viral arthritis. The first signs of reovirus infection can be observed in broiler type chickens as early as?
a.2 weeks old
b.4 weeks old
c.16 weeks old
d.30 weeks old
2 weeks old
Birds less than 2 weeks of age are immune incompetent, and, in the absence of virus-specific maternal antibodies, viremia can occur unchecked.
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is one of the most severe diseases of goats. Which differentiates CCPP to other mycoplasma spp that affects goats?
a.Only affects lungs
b.Only affects lungs and eyes
c.Only causes pneumonia and mastitis
d.Only causes arthritis and pneumonia
Only affects lungs
Mccp only affects lungs compared to other mycoplasmas that is capable of producing disease in goats, including
respiratory disease, polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, and mastitis.
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is one of the most severe diseases of goats. Difference between CCPP and CBPP in post mortem lesions:
a.Fibrinous pleuritis
b.Abundant lung exudates
c.Thickening of interlobular septa
d.Sequestrum is developed in recovered animals
Thickening of interlobular septa
In CBPP, the typical marbled appearance of pleuropneumonia is evident because of the widened interlobular septa and subpleural tissue that encloses gray, yellow, or red consolidated lung lobules
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is one of the most severe diseases of goats. Which of the following is true about CCPP infection?
a.High morbidity, low mortality
b.Low morbiditiy, high mortality
c.High morbidity, high mortality
d.Low morbidity, low mortality
High morbidity, high mortality
Severe respiratory disease outbreaks with high morbidity and mortality can be seen in cases of CCPP
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is one of the most severe diseases of goats. Etiologic agent of CCPP.
a.Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
b.Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae
c.Mycoplasma capricolumcapricolum
d.Mycoplasma mycoidesmycoides small colony
Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is a severe and highly fatal disease that is due to Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae, or Mccp(previously Mycoplasma biotype F38)
Hematuria, pollakiuria, and stranguria are the characteristic clinical signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) in cats. Which of the following is the most common cause of FLUTD in cats less than 10 years of age?
a.Urolithiasis
b.Feline idiopathic cystitis
c.Bacterial infection
d.Chronic kidney disease
Feline idiopathic cystitis
50% will not have a cause that can be determined despite extensive testing (meaning they have what is called idiopathic cystitis).
20% will have bladder stones (females have a slightly higher incidence).
20% will have a urethral blockage.
1-5% will have a true urinary tract infection.
1-5% will have urinary tract cancer.
1-5% will have had trauma to the urinary tract (i.e. have been hit by a car etc.)
1-5% will have a combination of a bladder stone and an infection
Hematuria, pollakiuria, and stranguria are the characteristic clinical signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) in cats. Which of the following is the most common cause of FLUTD in cats less than 10 years of age?
a.Urolithiasis
b.Feline idiopathic cystitis
c.Bacterial infection
d.Chronic kidney disease
Feline idiopathic cystitis
50% will not have a cause that can be determined despite extensive testing (meaning they have what is called idiopathic cystitis).
20% will have bladder stones (females have a slightly higher incidence).
20% will have a urethral blockage.
1-5% will have a true urinary tract infection.
1-5% will have urinary tract cancer.
1-5% will have had trauma to the urinary tract (i.e. have been hit by a car etc.)
1-5% will have a combination of a bladder stone and an infection
Hematuria, pollakiuria, and stranguria are the characteristic clinical signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) in cats.
Struvite is a urinary mineral composed of three common subtances found in urine, All of the following substances composes struvite except:
a.Magnesium
b.Nitrate
c.Phosphate
d.Ammonium
Nitrate
Struvite is a urinary mineral composed of ammonium, phosphate, and magnesium. These three substances
are common in urine and if they exist in high enough concentrations, they will bind together in the form of
crystals.
Hematuria, pollakiuria, and stranguria are the characteristic clinical signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) in cats. Feline idiopathic cystitis literally means cystitis of unknown cause but it is believed to be linked the most to which of the following factors?
Stress
Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and various chemicals described such as nitric oxide, prostaglandins, could all contribute to the compromised urothelial barrier in cats with FIC, which can offer potassium and other toxic irritants in the urine greater access to sensory afferent neurons innervating the urothelium
Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an emerging disease caused by coronavirus and is characterized by watery diarrhea and emaciation. Which of the following gross lesions differentiates PED and TGE?
a.Watery intestinal contents
b.Presence of undigested milk in the stomach
c.Thinning of the intestines, mostly limited to the small intestines
d.No significant differences
No significant differences
The clinical signs and lesions of PED are almost similar with the epidemic form of TGE and other porcine coronaviral infection, thus diagnosis cannot be made purely on these basis.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an emerging disease caused by coronavirus and is characterized by watery diarrhea and emaciation. All the following is true about PED except:
a.Affects all age group
b.Higher mortality in older age group
c.The incubation period is estimated to be between 1 and 4 days
d.Transmitted primarily by feco-oral route
Higher mortality in older age group
Infected during the first week of life often die within 3 or 4 days of infection, and mortality can exceed 60% in naive populations. In growing and finishing pigs. Morbidity is high; however, mortality is negligible in older pigs.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an emerging disease caused by coronavirus and is characterized by watery diarrhea and emaciation. Vaccination of gestating sows to boost lactogenic immunity may be sufficient to protect neonates. It is crucial to generate which of the following immunoglobulins present in colostrum?
a.IgA
b.IgY
c.IgD
d.IgG
IgA
It is crucial to generate high levels of IgA in colostrum to prevent severe diarrhea and mortality in suckling piglets. This can be achieved with natural exposure to PEDV
Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an emerging disease caused by coronavirus
and is characterized by watery diarrhea and emaciation. All of the following is true about PED except:
a.Affects all age group
b.Higher mortality in older age group
c.The incubation period is estimated to be between 1 and 4 days
d.Transmitted primarily by feco-oral route
Higher mortality in older age group
Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an emerging disease caused by coronavirus and is characterized by watery diarrhea and emaciation. Vaccination of gestating sows to boost lactogenic immunity may be sufficient to protect neonates. It is crucial to generate which of the following immunoglobulins present in colostrum?
a.IgA
b.IgY
c.IgD
d.IgG
IgA
Swamp fever is an infectious and potentially fatal viral disease of horses. The most important route of transmission of swamp fever in horses
a.Biting flies
b.Venereal
c.Feco-oral
d.Mosquitoes
Biting flies
Swamp fever is an infectious and potentially fatal viral disease of horses. Internationally accepted diagnostic test for swamp fever
a.ELISA
b.AGID
c.HA-HI
d.PCR
AGID
Agar immunodiffusion or Coggins test
Swamp fever is an infectious and potentially fatal viral disease of horses. All of the following signs are present in swamp fever cases except:
a.Ventral pitting edema
b.Jaundice
c.Thrombocytosis
d.Anemia
Thrombocytosis
