General Pathology B Flashcards by Milagros Andrea Alemania Mateo

This is an increase in cell number that only those cells capable of mitosis can undergo.
a. Hypertrophy
b. Hyperplasia
c. Metaplasia
d.Dysplasia

Hyperplasia

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This is an increase in the number and/or volume of adipocytes in the interstitium of an organ or tissue.
a.Steatosis
b.Lipidosis
c. Fatty infiltration
d.Metaplasia

Fatty infiltration

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Gout has been reported in the following species except:
a.Birds
b.Primates
c.Reptiles
d.Mammals

Mammals

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This refers to a localized deposit of calcium salts in the dermis or subcutis, and less often in other soft tissues or in the tongue.
a.Calcinosis cutis
b.Calcinosis circumscripta
c.Metastatic calcification
d.Dystrophic calcification

Calcinosis circumscripta

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In the von Kossa histochemical technique, calcified tissue appears:
a.Blue
b.Green
c.Black
d.Brown

Black

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This refers to the formation of bony tissue at an extraskeletal site.
a.Heterotopic ossification
b.Osteochondroma
c.Osteosarcoma
d.Osteogenesis imperfecta

Heterotopic ossification

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This pigment colors the leptomeninges in sheep.
a.Melanin
b.Lipofuscin
c.Hemosiderin
d.Bilirubin

Melanin

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The accumulation of this pigment in the canine myocardium has a
linear correlation with the age of the dog.
a.Lipofuscin
b.Hemoglobin
c.Hemosiderin
d.Melanin

Lipofuscin

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This pigment gives oxygenated (arterial) blood its red color and
imparts a pink tinge to well-perfused and well-oxygenated tissues.
a.Oxyhemoglobin
b.Methemoglobin
c.Carboxyhemoglobin
d.Deoxyhemoglobin

Oxyhemoglobin

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This pigment accounts for the blackening of the migration tracts of juvenile liver flukes (Fascioloides magna) in ruminants.
a.Hematin
b.Bilirubin
c.Melanin
d.Hemosiderin

Hematin

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This is the pressure exerted by intravascular fluid (i.e., blood plasma) or extravascular fluid on the wall (i.e., endothelium) of the blood vessel.
a.Oncotic pressure
b.Hydrostatic pressure
c.Colloidal osmotic pressure
d.Osmotic pressure

Hydrostatic pressure

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Edema occurs from one or a combination of the following except:
a.Increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure
b.Decreased intravascular osmotic pressure
c.Increased microvascular permeability
d.Increased lymphatic drainage

Increased lymphatic drainage

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All of the following can cause increased vascular permeability except:
a.Endotoxins
b.Anaphylaxis
c.Disseminated intravascular coagulation
d.None of the above

None of the above

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All of the following can cause increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure except:
a.Left-sided heart failure
b.Gastric dilatation and volvulus
c.Uterine prolapse
d.None of the above

None of the above

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All of the following can cause decreased intravascular osmotic pressure except:
a.Starvation
b.Haemonchosis
c.Salt toxicity
d.None of the above

None of the above

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Which of the following can be physiologic?
a.Thrombus
b.Mural thrombus
c.Thromboembolus
d.Hemorrhage

Thrombus

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Which of the following is not a component of Virchow’s triad?
a.Stasis
b.Turbulence
c.Endothelial injury
d.Hypocoagulability

Hypocoagulability

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Heart failure after euthanasia results to:
a.Active hyperemia
b.Chronic passive congestion
c.Acute passive congestion
d.Ischemia

Acute passive congestion

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Cardiovascular collapse is associated with the following except:
a.Loss of circulating blood volume
b.Increased cardiac output
c.Inappropriate peripheral vascular resistance
d.Decreased heart rate

Increased cardiac output

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The following are types of shock attributed to blood maldistribution
except:
a.Neurogenic shock
b.Anaphylactic shock
c.Septic shock
d.Cardiogenic shock

Cardiogenic shock

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Which of the following is a feature of acute inflammation?
a.Granulation tissue formation
b.Healing
c.Exudation of fluid and plasma proteins
d.Fibrosis

Exudation of fluid and plasma proteins

These are often the first type of leukocyte recruited into the inflammatory exudate.
a.Macrophages
b.Lymphocytes
c.Monocytes
d.Neutrophils

Neutrophils

Thermal injury to skin, such as burns and photosensitization in which the lesion can appear as a fluid-filled blisters are examples of:
a.Serous inflammation
b.Catarrhal inflammation
c.Mucoid inflammation
d.Fibrinous inflammation

Serous inflammation

The histiologic diagnosis when exudates are composed predominantly of neutrophils with seroproteinaceous edema fluid is:
a.Chronic inflammation
b.Pyogranulomatous inflammation
c.Eosinophilic inflammation
d.Purulent inflammation

Purulent inflammation

This is the most common form of amyloidosis in animals. a.Reactive systemic amyloidosis b.Familial amyloidosis c.Primary amyloidosis d.Localized amyloidosis

Reactive systemic amyloidosis

This is the loss of cellular differentiation indicative of neoplasia. a.Atypia b.Dysplasia c.Metaplasia d.Hyperplasia

Atypia

A malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin is a: a.Adenoma b.Sarcoma c.Carcinoma d.Papilloma

Sarcoma

All malignant tumors of epithelial origin are termed: a.Adenoma b.Sarcoma c.Carcinoma d.Papilloma

Carcinoma

Neoplastic cell populations of uncertain origin are called: a.Anaplastic neoplasms b.Mixed tumors c.Benign tumors d.Malignant tumors

Anaplastic neoplasms

These are composed of normal mature tissue located at an ectopic site. a.Teratoma b.Hamartoma c.Choristoma d.Nevus

Choristoma

Which of the following is a malignant tumor? a.Meningioma b.Lymphoma c.Synovial myxoma d.Teratoma

Lymphoma

This is the final stage of tumor development. a.Initiation b.Promotion c.Progression d.Metastasis

Progression

These stem cells can give rise to all tissues of the body. a.Multipotent b.Totipotent c.Pluripotent d.Unipotent

Totipotent

Trichoblastoma is categorized as a _____ tumor. a.Epithelial b.Mesenchymal c.Round cell d.Neuroendocrine

Epithelial

This gives an indication of the extent of tumor growth and spread in the animal. a.Tumor grading b.Tumor staging c.Tumor classification d.Tumor characterization

Tumor staging

Yellow fat disease is also called a.Pancreatic necrosis b.Traumatic necrosis c.Idiopathic necrosis d.Nutritional fat necrosis

Nutritional fat necrosis

This results from a failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes. a.Hare lip b.Cheiloschisis c.Cleft lip d.Cleft palate

Cleft palate

In this condition, the sequential contractility of the esophagus is defective, and the lower cricopharyngeal sphincter fails to function properly. a.Achalasia b.Esophageal ectasia c.Megaesophagus d.Esophageal diverticulum

Achalasia

This portion of the hepatic lobule receives the least oxygenated blood and is therefore susceptible to hypoxia. a.Centrilobular b.Midzonal c.Periportal d.Portal triad

Centrilobular

End-stage liver is also known as: a.Ductular reaction b.Piecemeal necrosis c.Cholangiohepatitis d.Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis

This is a reaction in the nasal mucosa and submucosa that is characterized by infiltration of numerous activated macrophages (epithelioid macrophages) mixed with a few lymphocytes and plasma cells. a.Suppurative rhinitis b.Fibrinous rhinitis c.Granulomatous rhinitis d.Serous rhinitis

Granulomatous rhinitis

Vegetative endocarditis can lead to which type of pneumonia? a.Suppurative bronchopneumonia b.Fibrinous bronchopneumonia c.Granulomatous pneumonia d.Embolic pneumonia

Embolic pneumonia

This is characterized by cranioventral consolidation of lungs. a.Suppurative bronchopneumonia b.Verminous pneumonia c.Interstitial pneumonia d.Granulomatous pneumonia

Suppurative bronchopneumonia

The leakage and accumulation of lymph rich in triglycerides in the thoracic cavity: a.Hydrothorax b.Chylothorax c.Hemothorax d.Pyothorax

Chylothorax

This refers to the dilation of lymphatic vessels. a.Lymphangiectasia b.Hereditary lymphedema c.Lymphangioma d.Lymphangitis

Lymphangiectasia

Mulberry heart disease is also known as: a.Fibrinous pericarditis b.Dietary microangiopathy c.Porcine polyserositis d.Cerebrospinal angiopathy

Dietary microangiopathy

Feline acromegaly is also known as: a.Hypersomatotropism b.Hypercortisolism c.Hyperthyroidism d.Hyperaldosteronism

Hypersomatotropism

This condition is characterized by aplasia or severe hypoplasia of all hematopoietic lineages in the bone marrow with resulting cytopenias a.Erythropoietic porphyria b.Aplastic pancytopenia c.Hemolytic anemia d.Iron-deficiency anemia

Aplastic pancytopenia

In animals, this is the most common type of edema in the CNS. a.Cytotoxic edema b.Vasogenic edema c.Interstitial edema d.Hypo-osmotic edema

Vasogenic edema

This is a hereditary disorder of bone growth that occur because of primary lesions in growth cartilage. a.Osteogenesis imperfecta b.Chondrodysplasia c.Osteochondrosis dissecans d.Epiphysiolysis

Chondrodysplasia