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PID > Systemic Pathology > Flashcards

Systemic Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of splenomegaly?

A

Diffuse or nodular

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2
Q

What can cause diffuse splenomegaly?

A

Inflammatory, physical, chemical, FIP, barbiturates

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3
Q

What can cause nodular splenomegaly?

A

Hyperplasia, neoplasia, abscesses, granuloma

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4
Q

What does the spleen look like in anthrax?

A

DIffusely enlarged and congested

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5
Q

What are the two types of splenitis?

A

Acute or chronic granulomatous

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6
Q

What can splenic abscesses be secondary to in cattle?

A

Rumenitis

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7
Q

What is septicaemia?

A

Bacteria replicating in bloodstream

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8
Q

What is bacteraemia?

A

Bacteria present in bloodstream

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9
Q

What is viraemia?

A

Virus present in bloodstream

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10
Q

Which condition look similar to septicaemia?

A

Toxaemia

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11
Q

What bacteria often cause septicaemia?

A

Gram -ve

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12
Q

What does a septicaemic carcase look like?

A

Congestion, oedema, petechial or ecchymotic haemorrhage

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13
Q

Why does a septicaemic carcase appear dark?

A

Don’t bleed out

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14
Q

What are clinical signs of bovine colisepticaemia?

A

Petechial haemorrhage

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15
Q

What is the cause of bovine colisepticaemia?

A

E Coli

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16
Q

Which bacteria produce exotoxins?

A

Clostridia

17
Q

Which bacteria produce endotoxins?

A

Gram -ves

18
Q

What kind of bacteria cause TSS?

A

Gram +ves

19
Q

Which kind of cells is LPS toxic to?

A

Endothelial cells

20
Q

What happens following toxicity to the endothelial cells?

A

Basement membrane exposed so get thrombosis and haemorrhage

21
Q

What does a toxaemic carcase look like?

A

COngestion of lungs, liver, intestine and haemorrhage into gut

22
Q

Where can bacteraemia localise?

A

Endocardium, joints, meninges, bone, spine, organs

23
Q

What can two consequences of valvular endocarditis be?

A

Heart murmur or septic embolism

24
Q

What are clinical signs of DIC?

A

Shock, resp distress, heart or renal failure

25
Q

What kind of coagulopathy can DIC cause?

A

Consumption (consumption and depletion and factors)

26
Q

Why are thrombi hard to detect?

A

Undergo lysis

27
Q

What are some causes of DIC?

A

Shock, transfusions, burns, trauma, infection, endothelium change, necrosis, pancreatitis

28
Q

What do animals dying of shock look like at PM?

A

Congested lungs and intestines from localised anoxia so patchy, blood stained fluid in intestine, renal cortex is pale and medulla is dark

PID (21 decks)

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