Synthetic routes Flashcards by Georgina Jolliffe

Q

Alcohol to haloalkane

A

Sodium halide

H2SO4

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Q

Primary alcohol + sodium halide/H2SO4

A

Haloalkane

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Q

Haloalkane + NaOH

A

Primary alcohol

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Q

Haloalkane to primary alcohol

A

NaOH

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Q

Alkene + hydrogen halide

A

Haloalkane

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Q

Alkene to haloalkane

A

Hydrogen halide

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Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

H2SO4

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Q

Alcohol + H2SO4

A

Alkene

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Q

Alkene to alcohol

A

H3PO4/H2O

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Q

Alkene + H3PO4/H2O

A

Alcohol

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Q

Alcohol to ester

A

Carboxylic acid

H2SO4

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Q

Primary alcohol + carboxylic acid/ H2SO4

A

Ester

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Q

Ester to sodium salt of carboxylic acid + alcohol

A

NaOH (alkaline hydrolysis)

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Q

Ester + NaOH (alkaline hydrolysis)

A

Sodium salt of carboxylic acid + alcohol

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Q

Primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4

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Q

Primary alcohol oxidised with K2Cr2O7/H+

A

Aldehyde

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Q

Aldehyde to primary alcohol

A

NaBH4/H2O

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Q

Aldehyde + NaBH4/H2O

A

Alcohol

Q

Aldehyde + K2Cr2O7/H+

A

Carboxylic acid

Q

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7/H+

Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol/H2SO4

Q

Carboxylic acid + alcohol/H2SO4

A

Ester

Q

Ester to carboxylic acid

A

Acid hydrolysis

Q

Ester + acid hydrolysis

A

Carboxylic acid

Acyl chloride to ester

Alcohol

Acyl chloride + alcohol

Ester

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

H2O

Acyl chloride + H2O

Carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

SOCl2

Carboxylic acid + SOCl2

Acyl chloride

Acyl chloride + NH3

Primary amide

Acyl chloride to primary amide

NH3

Acyl chloride to secondary amide

Primary amine

Acyl chloride + primary amine

Secondary amide

Aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

NaCN/H+

Aldehyde + NaCN/H+

Hydroxynitrile

Nitrile to carboxylic acid

H2O/HCl

Nitrile + H2O/HCl

Carboxylic acid

Haloalkane to nitrile

NaCN

Haloalkane + NaCN

Nitrile

Haloalkane to amine

NH3/ethanol

Haloalkane + NH3/ethanol

Amine

Nitrile to amine

H2/Ni

Nitrile + H2/Ni

Amine