Syntagme Verbale : Le Futur Flashcards

1
Q

Différentes manières d’employer le futur

A

Will (anglais courant)
Shall (soignée)
Be + ING
Be + going to
Present simple

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2
Q

Will

A

Prévision, prédiction, volonté
*We will go to the USA next summer

Futur inevitable ( résultats scientifiques)
* If you mix oil and water, oil WILL rise at the top.

Volonté (valeur modal, cf modaux)
* Will you shut the door for me, please?

Fréquence obstination
* He will moan about everything
–> obstination, “il faut toujours qu’il râle.”

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3
Q

Shall

A

Soigné pour I and we

Prédiction neutre
* We shall be in London on Thursday.

Contrainte extérieure au sujet
* You shall not kill (bible)
* Boys shall come back at 10
(c’est pas we ça?)

Action/ événements inexorable
* I shall be married next July

Suggestion/ proposition
* Shall we go dancing?

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4
Q

Be + V+ING

A

Actions prévues / intention du locuteur (agenda personnel)
*We are going to the USA next month
* I am meeting Jenny at te station at 10

Action prévue/ projection dans le futur
* Next week, I will be lying on the beach. –> association de Will + be + V+ING

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5
Q

Be going to

A

Intention d’exécuter
* She’s going to have a bath
* I’m going to fly to the states sometime next year.

Decision réfléchie
* As I’m quite good at English, I’m going to take it as a major.

Action prévisible (signes extérieurs)
* It is going to be a beautiful day.

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6
Q

Présent simple

A

Style officiel précis, newpaper
* The English prime minister goes to Washington tomorrow.

Futur planifié : horaire fixes, imposés par une instance extérieure.
* The film starts at 10:30
* My sister arrives on platform 2 at 9:05 on Monday.

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7
Q

Be about to

A

Action imminente, très proche (être sur le point de)
* Thé train is about to leave.

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8
Q

Futur point grammatical +++

A

Suite à une subordonnée introduite par une conjonction de temps, alors que selon la règle, après des conjonctions comme ‘after, as soon as, as long as, before, when, while, once, whenever, by the time, the moment, until,… ‘ l’expression du futur est formulée au présent lorsque cette dernière dépend d’une principale au futur ou d’un impératif.
* It will be dark when he reaches the edge of the forest.
* We’ll go for a walk as soon as you have finished working
* Drop in and have a cup of tea whenever you like.
* By the time she gets dressed the program will be over
* Let me know when (=as soon as) he has finished his assignment.

–> Cette règle ne s’applique pas lorsque WHEN est :
1 - un adverbe interrogatif (accentué)
* Do you know ‘when’ she will comme back?
2 - une Conjonction de coordination
* We shall go there on April 23th, when we shall celebrate Peter’s birthday. (When = date à laquelle)
3- un Pronom relatif
* She looks forward to ‘the day when’ her husband will be released. (Le jour où)

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9
Q

Futur en Will + have + V-EN

A

Futur antérieur abordé avec BY.
Futur sert à prédire l’accomplissement d’une action ou d’un événement au terme d’une échéance précise dans le présent ou dans le futur.
* By the year 2010, we all hope that scientists WILL HAVE FOUND a cure for AIDS
–> auront trouvé
* He will have done his assignment by tomorrow (= aura fait, by = d’ici )

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