Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tissues BDS1 > Synpases > Flashcards

Synpases Flashcards

1
Q

where do chemical synapses occur?

A

between neurons, muscle cells and gland cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the first step in a chemical synapse?

A

AP depolarises presynaptic ending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the second step in a chemical synapse?

A

influx of Ca2+ into presynaptic ending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the third step in a chemical synapse?

A

vesicles migrate towards plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

whats is the fourth step in a chemical synapse?

A

release of transmitter into cleft (exocytosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the fifth step in a chemical synapse?

A

transmitter (Tx) diffuses in cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the sixth step in a chemical synapse?

A

Tx binds to receptors on post-synaptic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the seventh step in a chemical synapse?

A

changes in post-synaptic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the eighth step in a chemical synapse?

A

inactivation of transmitter - reuptake into presynaptic cell and enzymic destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name 3 amino acid derivatives transmitters

A

acetylcholine, dopamine, glycine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name 3 peptide transmitters

A

vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, enkephalins, endorphins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the effects of transmitters on post-synaptic cells determined by?

A

type of receptors and 2nd messengers in post-synaptic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens when the cell is depolarised?

A

increased activity (excitatory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens when the cell is hyperpolarised?

A

decreased activity (inhibitory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens in an excitatory synapse?

A

transmitter causes depolarisation, excitatory post-synaptic potential, brings MP nearer to firing threshold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens in an inhibitory synapse?

A

transmitter causes hyperpolarisation, inhibitory post-synaptic potential, takes MP further from firing threshold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where do inputs synapse onto on the neuron?

A

cell body and dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

comment on the effect of postsynaptic potentials on the MP of postsynaptic cells?

A

single ones have little effect on the MP of postsynaptic cells

19
Q

what do EPSPs do?

A

summate (add together)

20
Q

what happens if EPSPs and IPSPs summate?

A

they will tend to cancel each other out

21
Q

what is the condition for a post-synaptic cell to fire?

A

it must receive sufficient excitation to drive the MP beyond threshold

22
Q

when does the post-synaptic cell receive sufficient excitation?

A

when it receives many excitatory inputs (and few inhibitory inputs) within a short time period

23
Q

what is convergence?

A

each neuron receives many inputs from other cells

24
Q

what is divergence?

A

each neuron synapses with many other cells

25
Q

what do convergence and divergence produce?

A

a complex network of neurons

26
Q

when is the neuron more likely to fire?

A

if the excitatory inputs predominate the inhibitory inputs

27
Q

what is a neuromuscular junction?

A

synapse between a motor nerve and a muscle fibre

28
Q

comment on the area of contact on a neuromuscular junction

A

it is greater than in a nerve-nerve synapse

29
Q

what is the transmitter for a neuromuscular junction?

A

acetylcholine

30
Q

what is acetylcholine broken down by?

A

acetylcholinesterase

31
Q

what is the first event at a neuromuscular junction?

A

AP depolarises motor nerve ending

32
Q

what is the second event at a neuromuscular junction?

A

influx of Ca2+ into nerve ending

33
Q

what is the third event at a neuromuscular junction?

A

vesicles migrate towards plasma membrane

34
Q

what is the fourth step at a neuromuscular junction?

A

release of ACh into cleft (exocytosis)

35
Q

what is the fifth step in a neuromuscular junction?

A

ACh diffuses in cleft

36
Q

what is the sixth step in a neuromuscular junction?

A

ACh binds to receptors on post-synaptic cell

37
Q

what is the seventh step in a neuromuscular junction?

A

action potential in muscle cell causes contraction

38
Q

what is the eighth step in a neuromuscular junction?

A

ACh transmitter broke down by acetyl cholinesterase

39
Q

what is the ninth step in a neuromuscular junction?

A

choline and acetate taken up by the neuron

40
Q

what can synaptic activity be affected by?

A

drugs

41
Q

what do drugs do to the synapse?

A

enhance or suppress

42
Q

how do drugs block the synapse?

A

affecting synthesis/storage of Tx, release of Tx, action of Tx on receptor, second messenger system, inactivation of Tx

43
Q

what does botox do?

A

paralyse facial muscles to remove wrinkles

44
Q

how does botox work?

A

it prevents the release of transmitter from motor nerves

Tissues BDS1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions