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Tissues BDS1 > Skin and Mucous Membranes > Flashcards

Skin and Mucous Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A

protection, thermoregulation, water regulation, sensation, absorption, storage and synthesis

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2
Q

what are the three layers of the skin?

A

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

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3
Q

what are the associated structures of the skin?

A

nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles

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4
Q

what epithelium is the epidermis?

A

stratified squamous

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5
Q

describe stratified squamous epithelium

A

layered, flat scale-like cells, basic tissue type

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6
Q

describe the vacularity of the epidermis

A

no blood vessels

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7
Q

how many layers is the epidermis?

A

4-5 layers

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8
Q

what are the layers of the epidermis in order of top to bottom?

A

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

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9
Q

name the cells of the epidermis

A

keratinocytes, langerhans cells, merkel cells and melanocytes

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10
Q

what are langerhans cells?

A

antigen-presenting cells

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11
Q

what are merkel cells?

A

sensory receptors

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12
Q

what do melaoncytes do?

A

produce melanin

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13
Q

What is the thickness of skin due to?

A

the presence of stratum lucidum

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14
Q

what are the components of thick skin and where is it present?

A

stratum lucidum present, thicker stratum corneum, palms of hands and soles of feet

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15
Q

describe thin skin and state where it is present

A

no stratum lucidum, all strata are thinner, covers the rest of the body

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16
Q

describe the dermis

A

strong flexible connective tissue layer rich in collagen and elastin fibres

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17
Q

what does the dermis contain?

A

fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, nerve endings, blood vessels, glands, smooth muscle, lymphatics, hair follicles

18
Q

what is the papillary layer?

A

projects into intervals between epidermal ridges and is richly supplied with capillaries and nerve endings

19
Q

what is the reticular layer?

A

dense connective tissues and fibre components

20
Q

name some skin conditions

A

acne, psoriasis, pemphigus, vitiligo and cancer

21
Q

what is vitiligo?

A

loss of skin pigment

22
Q

name the 2 different types of skin cancer

A

squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma

23
Q

what happens to the keratinocytes in skin cancer?

A

grow out of control to form a tumour

24
Q

what is the appearance of skin cancer?

A

scaly or crusty area of skin with a red and inflamed base

25
Q

what is a mucous membrane

A

specialised epithelial lining which produces a lubricating fluid containing mucin

26
Q

what does mucin do?

A

traps microbes and dirt particles and protects any body structure continuous with the external environment

27
Q

what are the layers of mucous membranes

A

epithelium and lamina propria (mucosae)

28
Q

what are the cells of the lamina propria?

A

fibroblasts, immune cells and lack adipocytes

29
Q

what does the extracellular matrix of the lamina propria consist of?

A

collagen and elastin fibres

30
Q

what is the mucosa made of?

A

epithelium and lamina propria mucosae

31
Q

what is the trachea epithelium?

A

ciliated pseudostratified

32
Q

what cells are present in the trachea?

A

goblet cells

33
Q

what is the function of the epithelium in the small intestine

A

absorption

34
Q

what makes up oral mucosa in terms of epithelium

A

stratified squamous epithelium and lamina propria

35
Q

what are the 3 types of oral mucosa?

A

lining, masticatory, gustatory

36
Q

where is the lining mucosa?

A

buccal mucosa and soft palate

37
Q

where is the masticatory mucosa?

A

hard palate

38
Q

where is the gustatory mucosa?

A

the tongue

39
Q

what are the functions of oral mucosa?

A

protection, sensation, secretion, permeability and absorption

40
Q

what does lichen planus affect

A

skin and mucous membranes

41
Q

what is cystic fibrosis?

A

inherited disorder of ion transport where there is abnormal viscous secretions

Tissues BDS1 (10 decks)

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