Syndesmotic Ligaments

Question 1

Inferior Transverse Ligament

Answer 1

Origin: Posteromedial aspect of the tibial plafond

Insertion: Posteromedial aspect of the fibula

Question 2

Inferior Transverse Ligament Function and MoI

Answer 2

Function: Stabilises the joint by holding the tibia and fibula together; prevents the talus translating posteriorly

MoI: Significant force applied to the ankle or lower leg; foot externally rotated while dorsiflexed (pivoting/changing direction at speed)

Question 3

Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (AITFL)

Answer 3

Origin: Anterior tubercle of the distal tibia

Insertion: Anterior fibular at the lateral malleolus

Question 4

AITFL Function and MoI

Answer 4

Function: Prevents excessive displacement of the fibula during dorsiflexion, external rotation of the talus, and holds the tibia and fibula together.

MoI: Foot is planted; ankle dorsiflexed; foot rotates outward relative to the tibia. High ankle sprain: syndesmotic injury

Question 5

Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (PITFL)

Answer 5

Origin: Posterolateral tubercle of the tibia

Insertion: Small posterior fibular tubercle

Question 6

PITFL Function and MoI

Answer 6

Function: Maintains syndesmotic stability, especially during internal rotation of the ankle

MoI: Forceful external rotation of the foot, while the ankle is dorsiflexed and the foot is planted. High ankle sprain

Question 7

Interosseous Ligament

Answer 7

Origin: Anteroinferior triangular segment of the distal fibular shaft

Insertion: Lateral surface of the distal tibia

Question 8

Interosseous Ligament Function and MoI

Answer 8

Function: Acts like a spring, holding the tibia and fibula together, but allowing the medial and lateral malleoli to separate slightly during dorsiflexion

MoI: Foot is planted, ankle is dorsiflexed and foot rotates outwards relative to the tibia. Often caused by contact