Sympatholytic pharmacology

Question 1

What effect would an antagonist alone have on receptor activation?

Answer 1

Nothing without an agonist floating around

Question 2

Side effects of alpha 1 receptor antagonists?

Answer 2

Orthostatic hypotension
Inhibition of ejaculation
Nasal stuffiness
Tachycardia

Question 3

B-Haloalkylamines are what kind of antagonist?

Answer 3

Non-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist

Question 4

Besides alpha receptors what else does B-Haloalkylamines inhibit?

Answer 4

Acetylcholine, histamine, and serotonin receptors

Question 5

B-Haloalkylamines reversible or irreversible?

Answer 5

Irreversible

Question 6

What type of antagonist are Imidazolines?

Answer 6

Non-selective alpha receptor antagonist

Question 7

Imidazolines are competitive reversible or irreversible?

Answer 7

Reversible

Question 8

Vascular effect of Imidazolines?

Answer 8

Vasodilator

Question 9

Danger involving Imidazolines?

Answer 9

Reflex tachycardia

Question 10

What type of antagonist are Quinazolines?

Answer 10

Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor antagonists

Question 11

Where are quinazolines excreted?

Answer 11

Bile

Question 12

Function of Quinazolines?

Answer 12

Vasodilator

Relaxation of smooth muscle in enlarged prostate and in bladder base

Question 13

Blockade of a2 receptors increases what?

Answer 13

Sympathetic discharge

Question 14

Folklore says that inhibition of a2 adrenergic receptors with Yohimbine treats what?

Answer 14

Male impotence

Question 15

Suffix to know if a drug is a beta blocker?

Answer 15

OLOL

Question 16

Most important pharmacological effect of propranolol?

Answer 16

Reduced renin release

Question 17

Why is there a contraindication of propranolol for diabetics?

Answer 17

Inhibits compensatory glycogenolysis and glucose release in response to hypoglycemia

Question 18

Difference between Nadolol and propranolol?

Answer 18

Less lipophilic than propranolol

Question 19

Significant use of nadolol?

Answer 19

Migraines

Question 20

What type of antagonist is Timolol?

Answer 20

Non-selective B-adrenergic receptor antagonist

Question 21

Significant use of Timolol?

Answer 21

Glaucoma

Question 22

How will Beta-Blockers affect pupil size?

Answer 22

It won’t

Question 23

Main feature of Beta antagonist Pindolol?

Answer 23

Possesses intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and is a partial agonist

Question 24

Benefit of Pindolol?

Answer 24

Less likely to cause bradycardia and lipid abnormalities

Question 25

Significance of Carteolol?

Answer 25

Basically the same as Pindolol

Question 26

Difference between the nonselective beta blockers and the selective B1 blockers?

Answer 26

The selective B1 blockers are "cardioselective" and cause less bronchoconstriction

Question 27

Which selective B1 blocker is known as 10/10 in quality?

Answer 27

Atenolol

Question 28

Half life of Esmolol?

Answer 28

9 minutes

Question 29

Since it has such a short half life what is Esmolol best used for clinically?

Answer 29

Supra-ventricular tachycardia, atrial fib/flutter, perioperative hypertension

Question 30

3rd generation B1 adrenergic receptor antagonists include?

Answer 30

Nebivolol

Question 31

What makes up a mixed adrenergic receptor antagonist?

Answer 31

Non-selective B receptor antagonist | alpha 1 receptor antagonist

Question 32

Benefit of mixed adrenergic receptor antagonist?

Answer 32

The added Beta antagonist will prevent the reflex tachycardia commonly associated with alpha 1 receptor antagonists

Question 33

Which enantiomer antagonizes B blocking activity for Carvediolol?

Answer 33

S enantiomer

Question 34

Withdrawal syndrome from Beta blockers involves whaT?

Answer 34

Tachycardia Hypertension Increase in sympathetic tone

Question 35

When do you not use beta blockers?

Answer 35

Asthma COPD Type 4 congestive heart failure

Question 36

What is the catecholamine deplete we talked about in class?

Answer 36

Reserpine

Question 37

Function of Reserpine?

Answer 37

Block vesicular monoamine transporters | Deplete vesicular pool of NE

Question 38

Slow onset of activation gives what benefit for Reserpine?

Answer 38

Won't activate baroreceptors

Question 39

How long does Reserpine last?

Answer 39

Sustained effect (weeks)

Question 40

Reserpine is used to treat what?

Answer 40

Hypertension

Question 41

Reserpine led to the discovery of what through its ability to precipitate depression?

Answer 41

Discovery of anti-depressants