Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Exam 3 > Muscarinic Agonists > Flashcards

Muscarinic Agonists Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetes can affect which part of the nervous system?

A

Autonomic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does Diabetes cause neuropathy? (4)

A

Metabolic insult to nerve fibers
Neurovascular insufficiency
Autoimmune damage
Neurohormal growth factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most clinically important form of Diabetes mellitus?

A

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does Diabetes M. increase risk of?

A

Silent myocardial ischemia/mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Common nerve dysfunction in patients with liver diseases?

A

Autonomic, mainly vagal diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What can exaggerate vagal nerve dysfunction?

A

Alcohol abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Advanced chronic liver disease is characterized by what? (2)

A

Peripheral arterial vasodilation

Increased plasma catecholamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Botulism poisoning impacts what?

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What bacteria causes botulism?

A

Clostridium Botulinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is Clostridium Botulinum present? (3)

A

Soil/Water
Food borne
Wound borne (drug users)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does Botulism toxin inhibit?

A

Release of acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Symptoms of Botulism? (4)

A

Weakness
Trouble Seeing
Feeling tired
Trouble Speaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What adrenergic state does Hyperthyroidism mimic?

A

Hyperadrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of disease is Grave’s disease?

A

Autoimmune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In grave’s disease what does thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin stimulate?

A

Secretion of Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism? (7) (They all have to do with the body in overdrive mode)

A 
Feeling hot
Excessive sweating
Tachycardia
Diarrhea
Dry eyes
Weight Loss
Hypertension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you treat Grave’s disease?

A

B-blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do you not use for Grave’s disease?

A

Muscarinic agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens when the adrenal gland is activated/stimulated?

A

Glucocorticoids are released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does glucocorticoid do?

A

Inhibits enzyme that converts T4 to T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which is the active form of thyroid hormone?

A

T3

22
Q

What is the interaction between PANS, SANS, and Thyroid?

A

Energy expenditure

23
Q

What effects will a reduced body weight cause? (3)

A

T3 down
SANS down
PANS up

24
Q

What effect will an elevated body weight cause? (2)

A

T3 up

SANS up

25
Q

Desensitization of adrenergic receptors will cause what in the thyroid?

A

Hypothyroidism

26
Q

Sensitization of adrenergic receptors will cause what in the thyroid?

A

Hyperthyroidism

27
Q

Who is hypothyroidism more common in?

A

Women

28
Q

Hypothyroidism is cause by what?

A

Iodine deficiency

29
Q

What type of disease is Hashimoto’s?

A

Autoimmune

30
Q

What cause Hashimoto’s?

A

Antibodies attacking the thyroid

31
Q

What are the symptoms of Hashimoto’s? (6) (It’s like the body is slowing down)

A 
Cold
Dry skin
Constipation
Slowed heart rate
Weight increase
Hair loss
32
Q

Cholinergic stimulation can do what?

A

Reduce symptoms of neuropathic ANS disorders

33
Q

Aminita mascara known for what?

A

Killing flies

34
Q

Danger of Aminita mascara?

A

Can cross BBB and cause convulsions

35
Q

Absorption problem with Direct acting cholinergic receptor agonists (Esters)?

A

Their polarity causes limited CNS distribution and GI absorption. So they have to be given via IV or IM

36
Q

Muscarinic agonists are used for what? (2)

A

Asthma

COPD Diagnosis

37
Q

Which drug for diagnosis of bronchial hyperactivity?

A

Methacholine

38
Q

What type of agonists would you use for treatment of glaucoma?

A

Muscarinic

39
Q

Which version of glaucoma is fast and which is slow?

A

Open/narrow angle is slow

Closed angle is fast

40
Q

Go to muscarinic agonist for Glaucoma?

A

Carbachol because it is longer acting than pilocarpine

41
Q

If there is reduced BBB function why don’t you want to give pilocarpine?

A

It can enter CNS and cause epilepsy

42
Q

When would you want to use the muscarinic agonist Bethanechol?

A

Urinary retention

Post operative ileus (GI Atony)

43
Q

When do you want to avoid Bethanechol?

A

When bladder is obstructed by stones, hyperplasia, or tumors

44
Q

When do you want to use muscarinic agonist Cevimeline?

A

Xerostomia (Dryness of the mouth)

Sjogren’s disease

45
Q

When do you give nicotinic cholinergic agonists?

A

Smoking Cessation

46
Q

When would you avoid use of nicotine patches?

A

Patient has cardiovascular problems

47
Q

Difference between Nicotine and Varenicline?

A

Nicotine is full agonist while Varenicline is partial agonist

48
Q

What does Varenicline block?

A

Nicotine binding

49
Q

Timolol (B-blocker) used for what?

A

Chronic open angle glaucoma

50
Q

Why do you change location of nicotine patch?

A

Avoid skin irritation

Pharm Exam 3 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions