sympathetic targets in head and extremities

Question 1

how do preganglionic fibers reach the head?

Answer 1

follow vasculature. enter sympathetic chain and ascend in the chain without synapsing immediately. at the right level, they synapse with a neuron in the cervical part of the sympathetic chain. then postganglionic sympathetic fibers leave chain ganglia and follow vasculature into the head.

Question 2

how do preganglionic fibers reach the heart?

Answer 2

the cervical sympathetic ganglia and the first four thoracic sympathetic ganglia are used. postganglionic fibers leave the chain and form a cascade of axons on the cardiac plexus.

Question 3

what kind of fibers does cardiac autonomic nerve plexus have?

Answer 3

parasympathetic fibers that join in from vagus and visceral afferent fibers

Question 4

what kind of fibers are in splanchnic nerve?

Answer 4

preganglionic fibers that have not yet synapsed with a second order neuron.

Question 5

what area does celiac ganglion serve? what kind of splanchnic nerves carry fibers to celiac ganglion?

Answer 5

foregut and its derivatives (stomach, duodenum, liver, pancreas, spleen)
greater splanchnic nerves

Question 6

what splanchnic nerves carry preg fibers to superior mesenteric ganglion? what area does this gangliohn serve?

Answer 6

lesser splanchnic nerve

serves mitgut derivatives

Question 7

what splanchnic nerves carry preg fibers to inferior mesenteric ganglion? what area does this ganglion serve?

Answer 7

lumbar splanchnics

hindgut derivatives

Question 8

How do sympathetic preganglionic fibers reach pelvic organs?

Answer 8

synapse in a displaced ganglia and then postgang. fibers follow a plexus of fibers to reach genital tissue and excretory targets