sympathetic targets

Question 1

where are sympathetic targets located?

Answer 1

in the body wall (sweat glands, smooth muscles), the head region as well as organs with various cavities of the body

Question 2

preganglionic fibers for sympathetic system may originate from T1 to L2/3. Where do postganglionic fibers go?

Answer 2

everywhere in the body, so need multiple routes

Question 3

how do preganglionic sympathetic fibers enter sympathetic chain?

Answer 3

with a white communicating ramus

Question 4

what spinal nerves have a white communicating ramus?

Answer 4

Only T1-L3

Question 5

after synapsing in sympathetic chain, how do postganglionic fibers reenter spinal nerves?

Answer 5

via a gray communicating ramus

Question 6

which spinal nerves have a gray communicating ramus?

Answer 6

they all do

Question 7

a preganglionic sympathetic fiber can enter the sympathetic chain and do one of the following four things:

Answer 7

a. ascend to higher level before synapsing
b. synapse immediately
c. descend to lower levels
d. in case of abdominal viscera, preganglionic axons do not symapse in sympathetic chain at all. they leave chain and travel to one of the displaced ganglia via the splanchnic nerves and synapse there.

Question 8

splanchnic nerve?

Answer 8

preganglionic fibers use this nerve to get to displaced ganglia.