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RUSVM Animal Nutrition > Swine Nutrition > Flashcards

Swine Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Ca importance in gestating/lactating sow diets

A

Good for bone growth development

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2
Q

Vitamin E in boar diet

A

Protects against oxidation of FA in semen resulting in higher semen quality

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3
Q

Weaned Pig Nutrition

A

Special diet (most expensive)

Change from requiring energy dense, highly palatable and digestible diet to simple soybean meal grain diet

Fed as much as they want

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4
Q

Metabolic Disorders of gestating female pigs

A

Gestational Diabetes

Decreased post-farrowing performance

Decreaed milk production

Farrowing difficulty

______________________________________

Due to excessive weight gain during gestation

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5
Q

Used in lactaion diets to meet requirement of high producing sow

A

L-Lysine

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6
Q

Too much fat on a gilt results in

A

Locomotor problems

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7
Q

Vitamin A in boar diets

A

Improves motility when semen is stored

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8
Q

Ratio of calcium to phosphorus in pig production

A

1.2 : 1.0

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9
Q

Swine feed generally consists of

A

Corn (energy)

Soybean Meal (protein)

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10
Q

Increasing pig carcass lean content

A

Restricted feeding

Porcine somatotrophin

Beta agonists - Ractopamine

Transgenic pigs

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11
Q

Limiting factor to sow milk production

A

Feed intake capacity during lactation to support nursery progeny

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12
Q

Pros of outdoor pig production

A

Cheaper

Perceived better from animal welfare POV

Reduction of pollution

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13
Q

Factors that affect nutrient requirements in pigs

A

Weaning Age

Antigen Exposure

Sex and Genotype

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14
Q

Sow

A

Adult intact female

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15
Q

Nutrient determinants for growth

A

Tissue aceretion rates

Milk yield

Pig weight gain

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16
Q

Farrowing

A

Act of giving birth

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17
Q

Life stage of pig that requires the highest protein in feed

A

Nursing pigs

_________________________

Nursing > Weaned > Nursing Sow > Boars

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18
Q

Swine Grower Rations

A

Adjusted to sex, age and genetic potential

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19
Q

Advice to give to owner of a pet pig in regards to feed

A

Buy food that has been formulated for pet pigs - proper balance of protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, etc.

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20
Q

In the growing pig what is the limiting nutrient up to 100 pounds

A

Protein

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21
Q

Phase Feeding

A

Adjusting the ration several times over the grower-finisher period as the nutritional needs of the hog change

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22
Q

Limiting ingredient in swine nutrition

A

Lysine - must meet requirement first

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23
Q

Reproduction in a boar - 3 characteristics

A

Libido

Number of Sperm Cells

Fertilizing capacity of sperm cells

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24
Q

Ingredients used to provide protein in pig diet

A

Soybean meal

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25
Q

Not enough fat on a gilt results in

A

Reduced productivity

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26
Q

Importance of Se and Vitamin E in sow feed

A

Deficiency will increase incidence of decreased milk production

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27
Q

Important microminerals incorporated into pig nutrition

A

Zinc

Manganese

Iodine

Iron

Copper

Selenium

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28
Q

Constant feeding level

A

No flexibility to adjust nutrient intake based on body condition score

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29
Q

Biotin in boar diet

A

Increased requirement when foot problems

30
Q

Relationship between energy density and level of intake in pigs

A

High energy = reduced intake

High fiber = increased intake

31
Q

Why are iron injections given in the neck of piglets?

A

Stains the muscle

32
Q

Goal of feeding developing gilts

A

To optimize reproductive productivity and longevity

33
Q

Temperature preference difference between sow and piglets

A

Piglets prefer 90 degrees

Sows prefer 65 degrees

34
Q

Percent of preweaning deaths related to insufficient milk production

A

50%

35
Q

Selenium importance in swine nutrition

A

biological antioxidant

36
Q

Barrow

A

Castrated male

37
Q

Water soluble vitamins important in pig nutrition

A

Niacin

Pantothenic acid

Vitamin B12

RIboflavin

Choline

Biotin

Folic Acid

38
Q

Problems associated with indoor pig production

A

Manure elimiation

Ventilation - built up toxins like ammonia

39
Q

Health problems associated with pig nutrition

A

Anemia

Vitamin Deficiencies

Minerals

Essential Amino Acids

Essential Fatty Acids

40
Q

Boar

A

Adult intact male

41
Q

Factors affecting the onset of puberty in the gilt

A

Genetic line

Social environment

Season

Boar exposure

Growth rate

Body composition

Age

42
Q

Zn importance in swine nutrition

A

Helps with health of feet and skin

43
Q

Gilt

A

Young intact female - has not had a litter

44
Q

Most important nutrient for pigs

A

Water

45
Q

Zn in boar diet

A

Deficiency in young males results in lack of ability to attain reproductive function

Adult males, deficiency results in reduced sperm quantity and quality

46
Q

Most challenging dietary goal of swine breeding herd

A

Lacatating Sow

47
Q

Interval Feeding

A

Offering feed every other day

Decreases labor and management

Works well with sows, not well with gilts

48
Q

Feeding strategies for pig production

A

Constant Feeding Level

Phase Feeding

Interval Feeding

49
Q

Used to limit energy intake of gestating females and functions as a laxative.

Decreased energy intake without restricting total feed intake

A

Fiber

50
Q

Why do we supplement pigs with vitamins?

A

Pigs lack microflora that produce vitamin B

51
Q

Phytase

A

Enzyme that decreases nitrogen and ammonia excretion, decreases amount of manure and makes the odor better

52
Q

Ingredients used to provide energy in pig diets

A

Corn

Barley

Wheat

Sorghum

53
Q

Why are piglets castrated and tails docked?

A

Castrated due to foul odor associated with meat from intact pigs

Tails docked to avoid tail biting which can lead to meningitis

54
Q

Importance of Mg in sow feed

A

Used as laxatives, but oversupplementation will result in lower Ca absorption

55
Q

Nursery Pig Nutrition

A

Sow fed as much as she wants in order to maintain weight to be sure that she goes into estrus after piglets are weaned

56
Q

Fat soluble vitamins important is pig nutrition

A

Vitamin A

Vitamin D3

Vitamin E

Vitamin K`

57
Q

75-80% of feed consumed by pigs is during what phase of production?

A

Growing - Finishing Phase

58
Q

Why doesn’t flushing work in a sow?

A

Sows are already on the highest level of nutrition while lactating - 1 week post weaning will go into estrus if in good condition

59
Q

Swine Starter Rations

A

Focus on the rapid changes in the pigs digestive system

Most expensive rations because of the ingredients used

60
Q

Selenium in boar diet

A

Deficiency results in reduced sperm and motility

61
Q

Importanct of Ca and P in sow feed

A

Important for sow skeletal maintenance as well as fetus development

62
Q

Importance of Cr in sow feed

A

Positive effects on reproductive function - increase in litter size

63
Q

Supplementation with this in pigs has been shown to prolong shelf-life of meat and improve color appeal to customers

A

Vitamin E

64
Q

Importance of Ca in sow feed

A

Hypocalcemia will cause poor muscle contraction = poor milk ejection and poor uterine contractions during farrowing

65
Q

Swine Finisher Rations

A

Adjusts again for sex, age and genetic potential

66
Q

Piglets are weaned at

A

21 days

67
Q

Flushing

A

2 weeks before breeding given higher protein feed to ovulate higher number of ova

68
Q

(Indoor/Outdoor) pig productions decrease the chance of pigs contracting diseases

A

Indoor

69
Q

Factors that can limit the potential of the early weaned pig

A

Genetics

Health

Optimum nutrition through phase feeding

70
Q

Ractopamine

A

Fed to finishing pig to promote leanness

Dramatic muscle growth

Beta-agonist

RUSVM Animal Nutrition (16 decks)

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