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LAM 2 Final Exam Practice Questions > Swine GI Disease > Flashcards

Swine GI Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Gastric ulcers are usually found in the

non-glandular ______ portion of the stomach

A

pars esophageal

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2
Q

Gastric ulcers are associated with this type of feed ration

A

finely ground ration with particle size less than 1.5 mm

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3
Q

Feeding finely ground rations prevents normal pH gradients in the

stomach and causes:

The glandular part to become more ______

and

the fundic part to become more _______

A

glandular = more acidic

fundic = more alkaline

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4
Q

T/F:

Gastric ulcers are a heritable trait

A

TRUE!

Heratibility high- 0.52!

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5
Q

Another cause of gastric ulcers is

_______ of feed intake

A

interruption

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6
Q

Gastric ulcers are usually asymptomatic.

In some cases, sudden death can occur.

In chronic cases of gastric ulceration, signs are non-specific,

but melena does occur. Some swine diets produce black feces normally,

so you have to test for ________ to be sure it is melena.

A

Occult blood in feces

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7
Q

How are gastric ulcers treated and prevented in swine?

A

Increase fiber level in the diet

Ensure adequate particle size in the diet

Supplement with antioxidants (Vit E and Selenium)

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8
Q

Supplementing swine diets with these 2 antioxidants

help to prevent gastric ulcers

A

Vitamin E, Selenium!

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9
Q

What is the causative agent of proliferative enteropathy

in swine?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

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10
Q

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis)

is seen mostly in this stage of pig development

A

Growing and Finishing pigs

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11
Q

In swine, three forms of L. intracellularis infection have been described.

The chronic form typically affects _____ pigs and is characterized by diarrhea, rough hair coat, decreased feed consumption, and weight gain,
The subclinical form affects pigs up to _______of age and manifests solely as reduced weight gain and intermittent fecal shedding of bacT.

The acute form affects pigs _____ months old and is characterized by intestinal hemorrhage, fever, and sudden death.

A

The chronic form typically affects younger pigs and is characterized by diarrhea, rough hair coat, decreased feed consumption, and weight gain,

The subclinical form affects pigs up to 20 weeks of age and manifests solely as reduced weight gain and intermittent fecal shedding of bacT.

The acute form affects older pigs 4 - 12 months old and is characterized by intestinal hemorrhage, fever, and sudden death.

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12
Q

How is Proliferative Enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis)

diagnosed?

A

Fluorescein Antibody Test

Seeing organisms in feces

Necropsy exam with GIT lesions

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13
Q

How is How is Proliferative Enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis)

treated?

A

Exposure and simultaneous therapy with antibiotics

results in immunity

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14
Q

How is How is Proliferative Enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis)

controlled and prevented?

A

Maintaining a closed herd

Rodent control- rats are vectors!

Vaccination- in drinking water, but must neutralize chlorine first!

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15
Q

Lawsonia intracellularis

causes this disease in hamsters

A

WET TAIL

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16
Q

What is the causative agent of Swine Dysentery?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteria

17
Q

How is Swine Dysentery (Brachyspira hyodysenteria)

transmitted?

A

Fecal-oral route

Carrier pigs

Rodents- vectors/reservoirs

18
Q

Clinical disease associated with

Swine Dysentery (Brachyspira hyodysenteria) usually occurs in

_________ pigs

A

Growing and Finishing pigs (4 - 6 months old!!)

19
Q

Describe the feces associated with

Swine Dysentery (Brachyspira hyodysenteria)

A

Mucoid diarrhea that progresses to bloody diarrhea,

mixed with mucus and fibrin

20
Q

How is Swine Dysentery (Brachyspira hyodysenteria) diagnosed?

A

PCR test on feces

+ history and clinical signs

21
Q

Which strains of Salmonella are implicated

in causing GI disease in swine?

A

S. typhimurium (most common)

S. cholerasuis

22
Q

GI disease caused by Salmonella

affects ________ pigs most commonly

A

weanling or feeder pigs

23
Q

Clinical signs for Salmonellosis in pigs are variable;

can be _______ (affecting multiple systems) or enteric.

Some have respiratory signs, and some may not have diarrhea.

A

polysystemic

24
Q

How is diagnosis of Salmonella made in pigs?

A

Necropsy reveals button ulcers

25
Q

How is Salmonellosis treated and controlled in pigs?

A

Management (not overcrowding)

Stress reduction

Sanitation

CONTROL RATS- vector of transmission

26
Q

What is the causative agent of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs?

A

Coronavirus

27
Q

transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)

affects this age group of swine

A

ALL AGES!

28
Q

transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)

occurs primarily during the ______ months

when pigs are under ______ stress

A

winter; cold

29
Q

How is transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus) spread?

A

Spread by

Dogs

Cats

BIRDS (STARLING)

30
Q

What are the 2 types of transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)?

A

Epizootic TGE

Enzootic TGE

31
Q

In regards to types of transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus):

________ TGE outbreaks occur occasionally,

runs its course in 2-3 weeks, and occurs

after the introduction of the virus into susceptible herds

A

Epizootic TGE

32
Q

In regards to types of transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus):

______ TGE is characterized by a low level of infection always

present in a herd. There is higher morbidity, but lower mortality

of 10 - 20%, because animals are partially immune

A

Enzootic TGE

33
Q

What are the 2 principle clinical signs seen with

transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)?

A

VOMITING and diarrhea

34
Q

What do you expect to see on necropsy of a pig with

transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)?

A

Undigested milk in stomach and intestines

Absence of chyle

35
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of

transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)

A

Intestinal villi have an inflammatory reaction to TGE virus

leading to destruction of normal villous architecture.

If severe, basement membrane will be exposed, which leads to

fusion of villi. This results in permanent impairment of absorptive capacity by loss of surface area!

36
Q

How is transmissible gastroenteritis (coronavirus)

prevented and controlled?

A

Oral vaccination of baby piglets

Minimize cold stress

Exposing gestating sows to virus 3 weeks before farrowing:

feed them dead pigs, manure from sick pigs, placentas from sows infected

LAM 2 Final Exam Practice Questions (9 decks)

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