sustainable city - London

Question 1

sustainable city

Answer 1

city providing employment, high living standard, clean environment, and fair government

Question 2

strategies used - social developments

Answer 2

urban renewal brought regeneration to areas previously suffering urban decline
e.g., Olympic regeneration east London provided social housing, leisure facilities and improved education
Queen Elizabeth Olympic park provides green space, waterways and leisure activities ‘Olympic legacy’
from 2016 - Olympic stadium home to West ham united FC
Newham - free school meals (greater attainment)

Question 3

Social developments - successes

Answer 3

reused all Olympic infrastructure
leisure and green space in city
better educational opportunity
more affordable housing
pupils in London do better in school than rest of country
similar schemes operate in other boroughs (FSM)

Question 4

Social developments failures

Answer 4

hugely expensive
had to build infrastructure in the first place
increased divide between pupils from the rest of the country
people that dont live in areas offering FSM lack advantage

Question 5

Economic developments

Answer 5

London living wage - calculated hourly rate of pay needed for workers in London to provide their family with essentials
Voluntary commitment by employers
cross rail (2019) - aiming to increase London’s transport capacity by 10%
schemes at borough level provide residents with free advice about employment and training

Question 6

economic successes

Answer 6

estimated London living wage has helped lift over 10,000 families out of working poverety
cut journey times easing congestion
encourage regeneration
since 2007 - supported over 20,000 residents into employment and 900 businesses filled vacancies

Question 7

economic failures

Answer 7

only voluntary - some people unable to get living wage

Question 8

Environmental developments

Answer 8

congestion charges 2003 to discourage driving into central London
‘green’ transport policies include routemaster buses with green electric hybrid engines
zero emission taxis from 2018
ultra low emission zone (ULEZ) from 2020 - reducing air pollution and CO2 emission
area covered 18x larger
expanded out into greatere London
cycle superhighways and cycle hire scheme helped to increase cycling with plan to increase cycling by 400% by 2025
targets set to increase green cover by 5% by 2030 to challenge urban heat island effect

Question 9

environmental success

Answer 9

reduced congestion and pollution
number on tube incrrease and congrestion gone down
air pollution fallen 94% following into of ULEZ
cycling increase in London over 170% since 2001

Question 10

Environmental failure

Answer 10

concerns about cycling safety following cycling schemes