Social and economic issues associated with urbanisation - Mumbai

Question 1

economic inequality

Answer 1

Antilia - worlds most expensive residential property (worth $2 billion)
600 rooms and staff faces Dharavi slums
Dharavi - one of world’s largest slums with population of around 1 million (60% population living in slums - half non-notified)
2004 - government planned redevelopment project for Dharavi to clear it and create new independent township
buildings apartments, water and drainage system, hospital and schools
rsidents worried it will ruin community spirit and livelihood
80% of Mumbai’s recycling occurs here - informal jobs (e.g., rag picking)
Mumbai development pkans (2034) - speaks of creating 1 million affordable homes and 8 million jobs)
high population density leads to shortage of housing and presence of slums

Question 2

social inequality

Answer 2

Muslim and non-muslim areas highly segregated - under constant threat of far-right Hindus
caste system seperates Indians into different castes including the untouchables (lowest caste) - based on past life, karma and family
gender imbalance - 20/24 of city’s wards have had decline in sex ratio in past decade
mumbai development plans (2034)
slums increase disease for thos living in poverty (4000 cases of typhoid im Mumbai daily)

Question 3

Cultural inequality

Answer 3

influx of African migrants forced into slums and money taken from them before they could prove their skills and status
despite discrimination - recent study showed that 42% of Mumbai’s residents (both slums and city) classed themselves as very happy and enjoying life
diverse population with over 16 major languages
multicultural - different religions (Hindu, Muslim, Christians, Sikhs) - diversity celebrated through festivals