Social and economic issues associated with urbanisation - London

Question 1

economic inequality

Answer 1

gap between rich and poor widened since 1980s - now highest on record
average annual income in Chelsea more than £130,000 in Newham less than £35,000
London Living wage (2020) - benefitted 80,000 families
homes for Londoners - Mayors work to tackle housing crisis (more affordable homes)
£10 million towards building new council housing and planning departments
Mayor’s aim is for half of new homes in London to be genuinely affordable - average houses prices rose 50% (2010-15) in parts of London
Skills for Londoner’s policy - thousands of adult learning courses available to Londoners that help for career change

Question 2

social inequality

Answer 2

richer people have better access to healthcare (e.g., private healthcare)
poorer people 2x more likely to die from chronic respiratory illness
easy for rich to stay rich (private schools and rich families) and difficult for poor people to get out of poverty (rich have better access to public services - schools, healthcare etc)
trust for London - attempting to create a fairer London by tackling poverty and inequality
27% of Londoners living in poverty after housing crisis (2022)
creating better work opportunities and decent living standards
London housing strategy - investing £4.8 billion to create 116,000 affordable homes by 2022

Question 3

cultural inequality

Answer 3

‘the world under one roof’ - due to multicultural population
over 300 languages
2015 - just over 3.8 million of London’s population (44%) were of a minority ethnic origin (expected to rise to 50% by 2038)
brent - over 60% not white British
Havering - proportion around 16% (ethnic segregation)
2014 - over 800 anti-Muslim incidents in London
Mayor safeguarding culture in London supporting cultural organisations and museums