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CMS - term 1 > Surgical Skills > Flashcards

Surgical Skills Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Suture materials - absorbable monofilament

A

poliglecaprone - monocryl
glycomer - biosyn
polydioxanone - PDS
polyglyconate - maxon

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2
Q

suture materials - absorbable multifilament

A

polygalactin - vicryl
polyglycolic acid - dexon
catgut

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3
Q

suture materials - non-absorbable monofilament

A

polyamide - nylon
polypropylene - prolene

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4
Q

suture materials - non-absorbable multifilament

A

silk

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5
Q

absorbable suture material pros and cons

A

short term use
don’t need taken out
risk of breakdown if healing slower than loss of tensile strength

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6
Q

non-absorbable pros and cons

A

long term use
where sutures accessible for removal
can cause foreign body reaction - sinus formation, encapsulation, extrusion

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7
Q

monofilament pros and cons

A

smooth surface - less friction, less tissue trauma, less wicking, less contamination
poor handling and greater memory and stretch - less knot security

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8
Q

multifilament pros and cons

A

strong, good handling - good knot security
more friction - more drag and tissue trauma, more wicking, greater risk of contamination

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9
Q

straight needle

A

superficial wounds/skin
best for aural hematoma

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10
Q

curved needle

A

deep wounds/restricted access
can be used with instruments - easier for skin incisions

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11
Q

cutting needle

A

tissue with higher collagen - skin, fascia

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12
Q

non-cutting needle

A

round, blunt point
used in more delicate tissue - fat, muscle, viscera

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13
Q

appositional suture patterns

A

brings tissue into correct alignment - best for healing
can be used to creating fluid tight seal
reduced risk of stricture in intestines
less useful for places with tension

simple continuous
intradermal
ford interlocking

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14
Q

inverting suture patterns

A

edges of incision turned inwards - serosal surfaces apposing
used to close hollow viscera with large lumen
not in skin - poor healing

cushing suture pattern
utrecht

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15
Q

everting suture patterns

A

edges if incision turned outwards
avoid in visceral surgery - increased risk of adhesions
tension relieving
slow healing
used for blood vessel and heart incisions - avoids thrombus formation

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16
Q

interrupted suture patter - pros and cons

A

one knot failure less likely to result in breakdown
tension more easily adjusted

more suture material
more knots - irritation

17
Q

continuous suture pattern - pros and cons

A

faster
less material needed
fewer knots

failure of anchoring knot can lead to failure of whole suture line

18
Q

square/surgeons knot

A

most common

surgeons - two throws at start
granny knot - all throws in same direction

19
Q

slip/sliding knot

A

square knot with one strand help up - slide down to tighten
useful for deep ligatures

convert to square to secure

20
Q

chinese finger trap knot

A

tubes - feeding tubes, drains
tightens if tube pulled to prevent removal

simple interrupted at start then criss cross along every 0.5-1cm 5 or 6 times

21
Q

aberdeen knot

A

end of continuous suture pattern - especially intradermal
easy to bury knot

22
Q

types of knot tying

A

2 handed - most reliable for consistent square knots

1 handed - more adaptable to deeper areas, needs more dexterity and suture material

instrument tying - easiest, least material, but harder to assess tension/knot security and can be difficult in deep areas

23
Q

skin sutures

A

cutting needle

monofilament
absorbable or non-absorbable

intradermal continuous
simple interrupted
cruciate
simple continuous
ford interlocking

keep loose enough to account for swelling

24
Q

subcutaneous tissue suturea

A

taper needle

monofilament or multifilament
absorbable

simple continuous
simple interrupted
tension relieving (walking sutures)

25
Q

linea alba and fascia sutures

A

taper or reverse cutting needle

monofilament or multifilament
absorbable

simple continuous
simple interrupted
tension relieving (walking, horizontal mattress, vertical mattress, near far)

26
Q

muscle sutures

A

round bodied taper or blunt needle

monofilament
absorbable

simple interrupted
simple continuous
horizontal mattress
near-far

poor holding power

27
Q

tendon sutures

A

cutting needle

monofilament or multifilament
non-absorbable
minimally reactive

horizontal mattress
specialist tendon suturing patterns

use the largest suture that will pass through without trauma

28
Q

hollow viscous organs

A

cutting needle

monofilament
absorbable

simple continuous
simple interrupted
cushing - bladder
utrecht - uterus
gambee - GIT

leak test

29
Q

parenchymal organs

A

round bodied blunt needle

monofilament
absorbable

mattress suture most common

30
Q

blood vessel sutures

A

taper - repair
no needle for ligation

repair - monofilament, very fine, non-absorbable
ligation - monofilament or multifilament, absorbable

polypropylene - least thrombogenic suture so preferred for vascular surgery

31
Q

oral cavity sutures

A

taper needles

monofilament
absorbable

simple continuous
simple interrupted

multifilament sometimes used because softer –> decreased irritation
but much higher infection risk

32
Q

enucleation - clip anatomical landmarks

A

bony orbit or eye - around 2cm round eye

33
Q

bitch spay - clip anatomical landmarks

A

cranial - xiphoid process
caudal - edge of pubis
lateral - just outside teats

34
Q

cat spay - clip anatomical landmarks

A

centre at incision site - triangle with ilium wing and greater trochanter

dorsal - epaxials
ventral - around 2/3 down flank
cranial - edge of ribs
caudal - cranial border of the hindlimb

35
Q

dog castrate - clip anatomical landmarks

A

cranial - tip of prepuce
caudal - include who scrotum
lateral - past edge of prepuce

36
Q

mid-femoral hindlimb amputation - clip anatomical landmarks

A

entire hindlimb
past head of femur dorsally - heat loss if all the way to dorsal spinous processes
midline ventrally

37
Q

echocardiography - clip anatomical landmarks

A

both sides of thorax - rough level of 3rd-5th rib

38
Q

abdominal ultrasound - clip anatomical landmarks

A

cranial - edge of ribs (last 2-3 ribs in deep chested dogs)
caudal - groin
dorsal - epaxials
ventral - wrap around

39
Q
A

CMS - term 1 (15 decks)

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