Patient Side Tests Flashcards
Blood tube colours
EDTA - red - haematology (anticoagulant)
Lithium heparin - orange - biochemistry (separates plasma)
Serum - brown
Plain - white - serum tests
sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate - yellow - glucose
sodium citrate - purple - coagulation tests
FNA
6 slides
sample for masses
Lipoma
encapsulated or non encapsulated - affects how difficult it is to remove
benign but can affect movement or be uncomfortable
if removing consider size - better to remove when smaller - location, and age and health of animal
ecotparasite diagnostic tests
fleas - brush for flea dirt
cheyletiella (mites) - superficial skin scrape or tape strip
demodex/sarcoptes (mites) - deep skin scrape
ticks - visual inspection
skin infection treatment
tape strip on affected area for impression examination
yeast - shampoo and topical anti fungal
cocci - topical/systemic antibiotics
rods - send off for culture and sesnsitivty (pseudomonas)
steroids or pain relief - can’t do allergy test for 6-8 weeks after steroids
Malaseb
wash with warm water - opens hair follicles
contact time 10 mins
miconazole and chlorhexadine
fungal skin infection
parasite treatments - small animal
Panacur - fenbendazole - wormer
Milbevet - prazinquantel and milnemycin oxide - wormer
Bravecto - fluralaner - ticks, fleas, demodex and sarcoptes
Advocate - imidacloprid and moxidectin - fleas, lice, mites and heartworm
Nexgard - milbemycin oxime and afoxolaner - flea, tick, mite, heartworm
canaural - ear mites
otodine - ear cleaner
NB: tablets, spot ons, ear drops - best one depends on animal size, whether they go in water, type of product, whether they’ll take tablets
Pseudomonas - ear
grey slime - biofilm, protects from systemic antibiotics
charcoal swab - send off for culture and sensitivity
mind out for ruptured tympanic membrane
TrizEDTA - pre soak before putting drops in, damages microbial membranes to allow better antimicrobial action
Eye ulcer treatments
chlorampenicol - topical antibiotic
lubricant
atropine - if miasis
pain relief
don’t give topical steroids until ulcer healed - prevents healing
horses - fly mask or stable
fluorescein to check for ulcer
eye tests
fluorescein - eye ulcer
schirmer tear test - tear production 15-25ml/min normal for dogs
opthalmoscope - retina, vascularisation, pus, fluid
tonopen - pressure - uveitis, glaucoma
Parvo - testing and treatment
ELISA for antigen
fluids - maintenance + deficit + ongoing losses
pain relief - paracetamol and methadone
oesophageal or ng tube for feed
failure of passive transfer
infection, failure to thrive, death
testing - SNAP with serum or plasma (brown tube and spin for serum, orange and spin for plasma)
Urinalysis
USG
dipstick
sediment exam
biochemistry
