Surgical Imaging PPT Flashcards
Surgical Team includes
Surgeon –1 or 2 Assistants –Surgical technologist –Anesthesia provider –Circulating nurse –Support staff
Sterile team consists of
Surgeon –Surgical assistant (1st Assistant) Physician Assistant Scrub Nurse (RN) Certified Surgical Technologist (CST)
Capable of assuming responsibility of procedure
Surgeon or resident
Nonphysician allied health practitioner
Physician Assistant
Who is Responsible
–Maintaining integrity, safety, & efficiency of sterile field throughout procedure
–Prepare and arrange instruments & supplies
–Assist the surgical procedure by providing required sterile instruments & supplies
Certified Surgical Technologist (CST)
Nonsterile Team Members
Anesthesia Provider
Circulator (RN)
Radiographer
Others
Anesthesiologist or Certified RN Anesthetist
Anesthesia Provider
Who is
Monitor & coordinates all activities within the OR
Provide supplies to the CST & manage care of patient
Circulator (RN)
***Operating Room Attire is
Proper attire include –Protective eyewear –Masks –Shoe covers •Removed before leaving surgical area –Caps –Gloves –ID & radiation badge
Operating Room Dance is
Maintaining sterile field –Teams –Certain rules –Infection control –Sterile field •Communication
***Up to………..microbial particles can be shed from the skin per minute.
10,000
***What is a Draping of C-Arm
Plastic cover for C-arm
***Temporary draping is
–Plastic or cloth drape
–Remove
***What is “Shower curtain” method
Barrier between surgeon/patient and C-arm equipment
Principles of Aseptic Techniques
Radiographers should not walk between two sterile fields if at all possible.
Radiographers should avoid turning their backs toward the sterile field in compromised spaces.
Watch the front of clothing when it is necessary to be next to the patient.
When positioning an IR under the OR table, the radiographer should
Not lift the sterile drape above table level because this would compromise the sterile field
***Method when Surgical technologist (CST) taking IR
Sterile IR cover is held open by the CST
–Radiographer holds IR while placing into sterile cover
–CST will grasp IR and wrap cover securely
Method when Radiographer accepts IR after exposure:
Wear gloves to accept covered IR
•Blood/bodily fluids
–Grasp IR and open protective cover away from you and others so as not to spread any fluids
–Remove IR and dispose of IR cover in proper receptacle; remove gloves
***Mobile fluoroscopic units also called
C-arm
Function of Left monitor
Active or live
***Function of Right monitor
Hold or last/saved image
***Function of Cine loop
Images are recorded in rapid sequence and then displayed as a moving image (contrast injection)
Operational Modes includes
Mag or magnification mode Pulse mode Snapshot or digital spot mode Film mode Auto/Manual Exposure Subtraction Roadmapping Boost Foot Pedal
Pulse mode is
Pulsating beam at timed increments, reduces exposure
Film mode uses
Standard IR
Subtraction
Removes anatomy for better visualization
***Roadmapping
Creates live subtracted image (Contrast studies)
***Mini C-Arm used for
Extremity work (ER)
•Small and compact
•Limited dose & scatter radiation
–Lower energy levels
***Radiographer should stand @ a
Right angle (90 degrees) to the primary beam and the object being radiographed. •The least amount of scatter radiation occurs @ this position.
***The greatest amount of scatter radiation occurs on the
Tube side of the fluoro machine
The x-ray tube SHOULD be placed
Under the patient
The x-ray tube should NEVER be placed
Above the patient unless absolutely necessary
***Tilting the C-arm significantly increases exposure to
The upper body and facial region not shielded by lead apron
***A tilt of 30° increases the dose by a factor of
4
Horizontal Projection: exposure region on the x-ray tube side of the patient is significantly greater than
The region near the intensifier tower
