Mobile Imaging Worksheet Flashcards
list the common areas in which mobile radiography is performed
mobile radiography is commonly performed in patient rooms, emergency rooms, intensive care units, surgery and recovery rooms, as well as nursery and neonatal units.
what technical controls are typically available on mobile equipment?
kVp and mAs
(T) what is the typical range of milliampere-seconds (mAs) available on mobile x-ray manchines?
typical range is 0.04 to 320 mAs
(T) what is typical range of kilovolt peak (kVp) available on mobile x-ray machines?
Typical range is 40 to 130 kVp
what is the range of total power for most mobile units? how does this compare to stationary rad equipment?
The total power range for mobile units is 15 to 25 kilowatts (kW), which is much lower than stationary units, which can have as much as 150kW
(T) what three technical matters must be understood to be competent in mobile radiography?
the grid, anode heel effect, and source-to-image receptor distance (SID)
(T) for optimal mobile images, a grid must be:
- Level
- Center to the central ray
- Used at the recommended focal distance or radius
anode heel effect is more pronounced when using short__________, larger __________ and small__________
SID; field sizes; anode angles
where should the cathode be positioned when performing a femur exam with a mobile x-ray machine?
At the proximal femur
what is the preferred source-to-image-receptor distance (SID) for mobile examination? why?
40 inches (102 cm); the mA limitations of a mobile unit necessitate longer exposure times when the SID exceeds 40 inches (102cm)
True or False. Mobile rad procedures some of the highest occupational radiation exposures for radiographers.
True
radiographers performing mobile exam should wear a ___________ for proper radiation protection.
Lead apron
the single most effective means of radiations protection is:
Maximum distance from the x-ray source
what is the recommmended minimum distance between the tech and the x-ray tube?
6 feet
Cicle the five clinical situations in which gonadal shielding should be provided
1-mobile exam on a child
2-mobile chest exam on a 28 year old female in an intensive care unit
3-emergency department (ED) patient requests
4-cross-table lateral lumbar spine image performed with a mobile unit on a 22 year old male in the ED
5-routine hand exam on a 30 year old patient
what two type of patients are often cared for in isolation units?
1-Patients who have infectious microorganisms that could be spread to health care workers and visitors.
2-Patients who need protection from potentially lethal microorganisms that may be carried by health care workers and visitors
because of the confidentiality of patient records, a tech may not know the specific diease of a patient in an isolation unit. therefore all patient should be handled using__________
univeral precautions
which protective apparel should be worn when performing a mobile exam on a patient in strict isolation?
mask, gown, and gloves
what should be done to protect the image receptor (IR) when performing a mobile exam on a patient isolated with drainage secretion precautions?
The IR should be placed in a clear, impermeable cover
what should be done to mobile equipment after performing an exam on a patient in isolation unit?
All equipment that touched the patient or the patient’s bed must be wiped with a disinfectant according to appropriate aseptic technique
Start Section 2: Mobile Rad Exams:
Which are preliminary steps for the tech before peforming mobile radiography?
1-gather all necessary eqipment
2-annouce your presence to the nursing staff
3-confirm that you have the correct patient
4-introduce yourself to patient and family
5-explain the exam to the patient
6-observe medical equipment in room and move, if necessary.
Question 22-26 (section 2: 2-6) are for the AP projection of the chest with the patient in an upright or supine position:
Which position would be best to obtain a mobile AP chest radiograph on a conscious and alert patient?
Sitting as upright as is tolerable by the patient
the IR should be placed about ______ above the shoulders for the AP projection of the chest performed with a mobile unit
2 inches (5cm)
The central ray should be directed _________ to the ___________ on the mobile AP projection of the chest.
Perpendicular; long axis of the sternum
the central ray should enter the patient about _______ below the ________ on the mobile AP projection of the chest
3 inches (8cm); jugular notch
What device should be used if the kVp is above 90 for a mobile computed radiography AP projection of the chest?
A grid
Questions 27-30 (section 2: 7-10) are for the AP projection of the chest with the patient in a right or left lateral decubitus position
when using the lateral decubtus position for a mobile chest exam, which position would be used if fluid were suspected in the left lung?
Left lateral decubitus position
Describe the proper patient position to prevent rotation of the anatomy in an image of a lateral decubitus position
The coronal plane passing throught the shoulders and hips should be vertical
what pathologic conditions would be demonstrated by the right lateral decubitus position?
A pneumothorax (free are levels) in the left lung or fluid in the right lung
True or False. Proper image ID should be demonstrated to indicate the decubitus position was used.
True
Questions 31-35 (section 2: 11-15) pertain [are fore] to the AP projection of the abdomen with the patient in a supine position:
The grid IR should be centered at the level of______
Iliac crests
if the emphasis is on the upper abdomen, how does the grid IR centered change?
2 inches (5cm) above the iliac crest, or high enough to include the diaphragm on the image
what anatomy must be visualized on the radiograph if the lower abdomen is of primary interest?
Symphysis pubis
The _______ must be seen at the top of the radiograph if the upper abdomen is of primary interest
Diagphragm
what error occur if the patient is not in a true supine position, but the central ray is centered as if he/she is properly positioned?
Grid cutoff
Questions 36-38(section 2: 16-18) pertain to [are fore] the AP projection of the abdomen with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position:
How does one check for rotation on a radiograph of the abdomen taken in a left lateral decubitus position?
Look for symmetric appearance of the vertebral column and iliac wings.
How long should the patient be in the left lateral decubitus position before exposure? Why?
5 minutes; to allow air to rise and fluid levels to settle.
The center of the grid IR should be centered ______ to include the ________ on the image
2 inches (5cm) above the iliac crests; diagphragm
Questions 39-41(section 2:19-21) pertain to the AP projection of the pelvis:
Where should the center of the grid IR be placed relative to the patient?
Midway between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic syphysis, or about 2 inches (5cm) inferior to the ASIS and 2 inches (5cm) superior to the pubic symphysis.
What possible contraindications prohibit proper positioning of the lower limbs for this exam?
Fractured hip or pelvis
What is the rationale for the position of the lower limbs for this exam?
to place the greater trochanters in prfile and eliminate foreshortening of the femoral necks
Question 42-45(section 2: 22-25) pertain to the AP and lateral projections of the femur:
The grid IR should be placed ______ to the plane of the femoral coudyles for the AP projection
Parallel
List the anatomy that must be included on a mobile femur exam
Distal 2/3; of femur and the knee joint
when performing the mediolateral projection of the femur, the unaffected limb should be:
Elevated and supported at a nearly vertical position
when performing the lateromedial projection of the femur, the grid IR is placed:
- Perpendicular to the epicondylar plane
- Between the patient’s legs
Questions 46-48 (section 2: 26-28) pertain to the lateral projection of the cervical spine with the patient in the dorsal decubitus position:
The top of the grid IR should be placed ________
1 inch (2.5 cm) above the external acoustic meatus
Proper alignment of the central ray with the grid IR will prevent ________________
Grid cutoff
What anatomic structures must be demonstrated on the image?
Seven cervical vertebrae, including the base of the skull and the soft tissues surrounding the neck
Questions 49-52 (section 2: 29-32) pertain to procedures performed with neonates, with the AP projection of the chest and abdomen:
Chest and abdomen combined projections are typically ordered on:
Premature infants
Who should hold the infant during the rad exam?
A nurse wearing a lead apron
True or false. A covering should be placed over the Ir if it is placed directly under the infant.
True
explain the risks of straightening the head of a neonate with an endotracheal tube.
Straightening the head and neck of a neonatal infan may advance the endotracheal tube too far into the trachea.
Questions 53-55 (section 2: 33-35) pertain to procedures performed with neonates, with the lateral projection of a patient in the dorsal decubitus position:
True of false. The infant does not need to be elevated for the dorsal decubitus position
False (the infant must be elevated on a radiolucent support to include all pertinent anatomy on the image)
what anatomy is of special interest in this position?
the constophrenic angles of the lungs
what pathology, if present, can be demonstrated in this position?
Air-fluid levels
