surgery/derm Flashcards
which is worse, omphalocele vs gastroschisis?
gastroschisis looks worse because there is no lining, but its fixable and not assoc w/ syndromes.
when to repair umbilical hernia? (4)
defect >2.5cm, giant 5-6cm defects, skin breakdow, incarceration
diagnostics for neonatal herpes lesions?
wright stain would show multinucleated giant cells, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions
not clusters, but linear pattern of vesicles without erythematous base? Evolve to warty papules with thick crusts and then hyperpigmentations then swirls and streaks
incontinentia pigmenti
tiny pustules on forehead, scalp, when ruptures has macule with collarette of scale. Also with brown macules, vesicles, non-red base. in African american infant?
What will gram stain/tzank smear show?
Neonatal pustular melanosis
PMNs no orgs
wright stain of E tox?
eos
yellow pustules w/ red base, red macules w/ solitary papule or occasional vesicle, NOT present at birth. Not on palms, soles
E tox
Tx for seborrheic dermatitis
topical antifungal or mild topical steroid
looks like seborrhea but with profuse ear d/c or urine output
Dx?
histiocytosis X
auspitz sign
bleeding dots if you pick off silver plaques of psoriasis
what is and treatment of ichthyosis vulgaris
fish skin: keratoylytic: ammonium lactate, alpha hydroxy acid, urea emollients
typical drugs triggering erythema multiforme major (SJS)
sulfa, NSAIDs, AED (lamictal)
How to distinguish between TEN / SJS from Staph Scalded Skin
SSSS is only upper epidermis so will be white NOT red.
linear lesions that are papular or pustular and not responding to Abx? Dx and Tx?
Persistent itching?
Scabies, Permethrin 5%
(Scabies leaves track marks and can be stopped with “permanent train”
Persistent itching is inflammatory and can be tx w/ steroids
maculae caeruleae - what is it and what does it indicate?
pubic lice, blue-gray macules on abd / inner thigh
crab louse lasts how long w/o blood meal
hatching occurs when
36 hrs
hatch up to 10 d later
Treatment of pubic lice?
permetrhin
pyrethrin w/ piperonyl butoxide
malathion
lindane
pink and excoriated lesions on the extensor surfaces of arms/legs, which “erupt at nt” or are clustered red papules w/ central punctum, lasts 10 days?
papular urticaria which is delayed hypersens to insect bite
distinguish zinc and biotin def?
biotin def also has ataxia, in addition to oral rash and alopecia
what does microcomedone represent?
plugging of hair follicle / abnormal follicle keratinization in acne development (phase1
acne and sebum production due to what?, leads to what?
androgens, leads to mature comedones
side effects of accutane?
headache, dry lips/skin/eyes, nosebleeds
hormone responsible for acne?
androgen
Treatment of tinea capitis/
PO griseofulvin 6-12 wks
clue and gold standard dx for tinea capitis?
black dots / broken hairs
fungal culture
pigmented lesions that turn in to hives and develop blisters with rubbing in infant?
Sign called?
Treatment advice?
Pathophys?
urticaria pigmentosa
Darier sign
avoid narcotics, radiocontrast, NSAIDs
(Mastocytosis)
port wine stain in sturge weber associated with what?
venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis on MRI
tx of port wine statement?
tunable dye / pulsed dye laser
eye issues in Sturge Weber?
glaucoma
chromosome for NF1?
17
chr for NF2
22
deep cavernous hemangiomas in lower dermis often what color
blue
upper dermis strawberry hemangioma pattern
present at birth, then gets larger, and resolves by 1 yr
one word to go with erythema chronicum migrans or erythema migrans?
lyme
assoc w/ erythema marginatum?
rheumatic fever
