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Laughing Pedi > MISC PREP facts > Flashcards

MISC PREP facts Flashcards

0
Q

Ca + Phos Supplementation dose?

A

1300 IU daily each

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1
Q

Cutoff NAS score that requires pharmacology

A

8

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2
Q

Reason for anuria in prune belly? Pre/Renal/Post?

A

Post renal (hydroureter) / bladder outlet obstrx

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3
Q

major tx for salicylate poisoning (2)

When dialysis?

A

minimize acidosis: alkalinize!
Get it out w/ charcoal: q4h until asx and salicylate conc < 30
Dialysis if >100 level

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4
Q

selenium deficiency causes what?

A

cardiomyopathy, skin and hair pigment loss, macrocytosis

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5
Q

NA range

A

135-145

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6
Q

treatment for an ethylene glycol or methanol toxicity?

A

ethanol or Fomepizole

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7
Q

number for low urine sodium

A

<20

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8
Q

number for elevated urine osmolality

A

> 600

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9
Q

Urine osm number for inability to concentrate urine?

A

<300

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10
Q

Typical numbers of urine Na and urine OSM in SIADH?

A

Hi urine Na >40

Hi urine Osm > 600

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11
Q

heart issue in Friedrich ataxia?

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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12
Q

trick about tinea capitus dx and what is the tx

A

doesn’t fluoresce in woods lamp

need PO Griseofulvin

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13
Q

why no ptu for hyperthyroid

A

liver tox, use methimazole

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14
Q

normal post puberty male adol hemoglobin?

A

14-18

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15
Q

Cold shock drugs (incr HR, low BP, decr pulses)

A

Epi or Dopamine

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16
Q

Warm shock drugs for incr HR, low BP, bounding pulses?

A

NE

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17
Q

Drugs for cardiogenic shock?

A

Dobutamine, milrinone

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18
Q

puberty U:L length ratio?

A

0.85-0.95

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19
Q

infant U:L length ratio?

A

1.7 *short legs

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20
Q

Age when arm/leg length ratio is the same = 1

A

10 yrs

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21
Q

Treatment of congenital toxo

A

sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine, leucovorin supp

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22
Q

Formula for serum osm

Normal value

A

2(Na) + 10 + (Gluc/18 + BUN/3)

Normal is <10 for gap, 290 for osm

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23
Q

Equation for FeNa

A

UNa x PCr
_____________ x 100

PNa x UCr

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24
Q

Vincristine s/e

A

SIADH, periph neuropathy

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25
Q

Procarbazine s/e

A

CNS effects

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26
Q

mouth abscesses and sulfur granules

bug and drug?

A

Actinomyces

IV PCN G / Amp 4-6 wks

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27
Q

Morulae, intraleukocyte inclusions, petechiae after camping
TCP, anemia
?Arkansas
Bug and Drug

A

Ehrlichiosis, Doxycycline

Rash less impressive than w/ RMSF

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28
Q

bug to think of in toddlers who eat pork shitterlings and has diarrhea
Tx

A

Yersinia Enterocolitis

Cefotax, Gent, Bactrim, doxy…

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29
Q

bug to think of after pork who has periorbital edema and conjunctival hemorrhage

A

Trichinella spiralis = tissue nematode

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30
Q

drug to use for Malassezia, Tinea Versicolor

A

Itraconazole

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31
Q

Bug to think of in intestinal obstruction, Drug?

A 
Ascaris Lumbricoides (roundworm)
Mebendazole, Albendazole, Ivermectin
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32
Q

Bug not killed by chlorine in swimming pools, causes diarrhea
Drug to tx with?

A

Cryptosporidium

Nitazoxanide

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33
Q

school of fish / painful ulcer

Bug and Drug

A

H. Ducreyii

CTX, Azithro, or Emycin

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34
Q

Dose to treat Trichomonas with?

A

2g Flagyl for everyone

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35
Q

2 bugs that can cause PNA and splenomegaly

A

Chlamydia psittaci or Coxiella Burnetti (Q fever: Doxy)

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36
Q

Urine Na if dehydrated?

A

<10

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37
Q

Hypocalcemia EKG change

A

Long QT

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38
Q

Low magnesium EKG change

A

Long QT or Long PR

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39
Q

The bad nephrotic (if not steroid responsive minimal change)

A

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

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40
Q

BAD Nephritic / Nephrotic syndrome and low complement that requires biopsy and NO steroids.

A

Membranoproliferative GN

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41
Q

Protein/Creatinine ratio indicative of renal disease

A

> 0.2

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42
Q

In post strep GN, Complement C3 normalizes when?

A

w/in 2 mos

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43
Q

EKG Axis with
I up
II up
avF up

A

NORMAL

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44
Q

EKG Axis with
I up
II and AVF down

A

LAD

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45
Q

EKG Axis with
I down
II and AVF up

A

RAD

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46
Q

serum iron level that is okay vs very bad

A

< 50 ok

>350 bad

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47
Q

Define cliteromegaly? Indicates what?

A

> 3mm

Exposure to strong androgen (tumor, CAH?)

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48
Q

Drug for methanol or ethylene glycol tox?

A

Fomepizole

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49
Q

newborn / TPN kid with scaly dermatitis, alopecia, TCP

A

Lineolic acid def (essential FA)

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50
Q

Quick fluid replace: 20kg?

A

1500 cc/d

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51
Q

vitamin def in hemolytic anemia, edema, elevated platelets, weakness

A

Vit E def

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52
Q

Vit def with anemia, angular stomatitis, seborrheic dermatitis

A

Riboflavin B2

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53
Q

Normal weight gain for term and preterm babies

A

Term 20-30g/day

Preterm 15-20g/day

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54
Q

Newborn / TPN kid with neutropenia, metaphyseal irregularity, irritability, poor feeding?

A

Copper def

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55
Q

The thing mature breast milk doesn’t have much of compared to colostrum and formula?

A

protein

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56
Q

prepubertal testes vs mature stage 5 testes?

A

< 4cc / < 2.5

20cc after puberty

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57
Q

Drug with both sympathomimetic and cholinergic (flushing, diaphoresis) effects?
Pupils?

A

PCP, pupils probably actually small!

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58
Q

Mechanisms in Scarlet fever vs ARF?

A

Scarlet fever: Toxin

ARF: Immune complex

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59
Q

Dairy farm bug gram neg coccobacilli and treatment

A

brucellosis

LONG tx with Doxy or BActrim AND Rifampin

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60
Q

GAS throat infx if PCN Allergic?

A

Clinda or Emycin

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61
Q

Drug for aspergillus?

A

Ampho B or Vorixonazole

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62
Q

Drug needed for CMV retinitis?

A

Foscarnet

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63
Q

s/e of Pyraxinamide

A

hyperuricemia

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64
Q

s/e of Ethambutol

A

optic neuritis

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65
Q

When do babies fixate?

A

6 wks

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66
Q

Level to chelate for lead?

A

> 45

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67
Q

LAb predictor of Uveitis in JIA?

A

ANA

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68
Q

Surgery for scoliosis

Surgery for kyphosis?

A

scoliosis > 40-45

Kyphosis > 60

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69
Q

baby that squeals and laughs, imitates socially

A

4 mos

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70
Q

baby with peek a boo games?

71
Q

3 block tower

72
Q

overhand throw

73
Q

alternates feet walking up stairs with railing

74
Q

8 cube tower

75
Q

down stairs alternating feet and railing

76
Q

NAS score requiring morphine

77
Q

antidote for anticholinergic OD

A

physostigmine

78
Q

Antidote for OP or muscarinic SLUDGE poisoning

A

Atropine, may also need pralidoxime for the nicotinic stuff

79
Q

Stimulant + hallucination effect

80
Q

amt of kids who have 2nd febrile seizure?

More than 2?

A

1/3 have 2

<10% have more than that

81
Q

Treatment for shigella

A

BActrim, Azithro if young

Cipro ok for older kids

82
Q

septic joint w/ no growth on culture

bug and drug

A

Kingella, CTX

83
Q

terrible aches, fever, LFTs, TCP

Dx?

A

Dengue “breakbone” fever

84
Q

IF you really think EBV or GAS throat, but negative cultures

Bug and Drug?

A

Arcanobacterium hemolyticum, Emycin is tx

85
Q

Malaria tx

A

primaquine

86
Q

Test if you suspect CVID?

A

Ig levels (normal B and T cells, but low Ig levels)

87
Q

PCP without HIV, think what?

A

Hyper IgM: X linked, CD 40 ligand absence

88
Q

Tx for CGD

A

Interferon Gamma

89
Q

recurrent staph, large granules on WBC, partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy

A

Chediak Higashi

90
Q

What is elevated in ataxia telangiectasia

91
Q

Retinoblastoma has increased risk of what future cancers?

A

osteosarcoma, melanoma, sarcoma

92
Q

Chest mass tumors?

A

Hodgkins, Neuroblastoma

93
Q

HbA1c indicative of DM?

A

> 5.7 predm

DM > 6.5

94
Q

chronic thrush, hyper PTH, Addison, Gonadal failure, Vitiligo, hepatitis, pernicious anemia, IDDM
Dx?

A

Type 1 autoimmune polyendocrinopathy

95
Q

Describe Type 2 polyendocrinopathy?

A

More classic female DM1 w/ incr risk of Addison, hypothyroidism, and HLA D3 and D4

96
Q

color blind, hearing issues, clefts, no puberty, anosmia

A

Kallman hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

97
Q

Drug to use in hyperthyroid

A

Methimazole

98
Q

avulsion with separation of proximal patellar tendon from bony insertion overuse
What is this and what do you see on exam?

A

osgood schlatter: tibial tuberosity swelling

99
Q

tennis elbow vs little league elbow

A

tennis: lateral epidondylitis
pitching: medial apophysitis

100
Q

level of aortic stenosis gradient that is mild, moderate?

Restrictions?

A

mild < 25

moderate 25-50 - no wt lifting

101
Q

Maintenance fluids per day rule

102
Q

magic number of tylenol ingestion for badness in od?

A

> 150 mg/kg

103
Q

seems like pancreatic exocrine insuff like in CF, but not CF, also infections and skeletal anomalies?

A

Schwachman Diamond syndrome

105
Q

The bug that comes through contaminated water or slaughter house through skin / mucus membranes and causes liver disease. How do you treat?

A

Leptospirosis: PCN G

106
Q

immune levels in Ataxia telangiectasia

A

Low IgE, No IgA

107
Q

CHARGE:

A 
Coloboma
Heart
Choanal Atresia
Retarded growth (Charge them)
GU anomalies
Ear anomalies
108
Q

VACTERL

A 
Vertebral
Anal Atresia
Cardiac (VSD)
TEF
Radial hypoplasia / Renal
Limb
*Single umbi artery
*Normal IQ
109
Q

CATCH-22

A 
Cardiac (Ao arch)
Absent THymus
T cell defects
Clefts
Hypocalcemia
110
Q

Angelman syndrome

-what id duplicated and what is lost / imprinted

A

Paternal 15q11 present

Maternal imprinted / deleted

111
Q

normal baby weight gain per day?

A

remember 20g/day

premies 15-20, term 20-30

112
Q

vitamin def with metaphyseal/bone issue, neutropenia, poor feeding, irritability

113
Q

intoxication causing sympathomimetic and cholinergic effects?
(incr HR, BP, but also flushing, diaphoresis, miosis)

114
Q

ABx for Hflu

115
Q

weird bug from dairy farm that needs prolonged Abx w/ Doxy and Bactrim + Rifampin

A

Brucellosis

116
Q

surgery for scoliosis

surgery for kyphosis

A

scoliosis >45

kyphosis > 60

117
Q

Bald,

itchy rash, neurologic / MS deficits / ataxia

A

Biotin deficiency

118
Q

Infections and LOTS of neutrophils

Dx and tx?

A

CGD, IFN gamma

119
Q

Risk of PCP without HIV

120
Q

nephrotic syndrome and calcium?

A

low (low alb, so low bound Ca)

121
Q

The bad renal syndrome with low C3

A

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

122
Q

Best estimate of serum osms?

123
Q

Single S2 - two cardiac CHDs, and difference

A

TOF: incr pulm vasc
TGA: decr pulm vasc

124
Q

Egg shaped heart

CHD

125
Q

Prophylaxis for congenital Toxo

A

Spiramycin for mom

126
Q

Treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis

A

Pyrimethamine
Sulfadiazine
Folinic Acid

127
Q

petechiae, HSM, jaundice in newborn

128
Q

normal birthweight

A

2500-3900g

above or below is SGA / LGA

129
Q

think of this in baby newborn who looks like a BPD/CLD kid with cystic lungs, but no neonatal hx to suggest it?

A

Wilson Mikity syndrome

130
Q

hypoglycemia in baby tx

A

3mL/kg of D10 (100mg/ml)

131
Q

CXR in RDS

A

air bronchograms, ground glass appearance, decreased lung volume

132
Q

Mec aspiration CXR

A

large lung volumes- hyperinflation, patchy atelectasis, hazy opacifications

133
Q

CXR showing no air bronchograms, perihilar haziness, good lung volumes, fluid in fissures

134
Q

The endocrine thing with calcified basal ganglia

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism with high PTH but low Ca, moon face, and calcified BG due to maternal imprinting hereditary osteodystrophy

135
Q

radioactive uptake in Graves vs Hashimoto vs subacute thyroiditis

A

high in Graves, low in Hashimoto and subacute thyroiditis

136
Q

parotid swelling, dry mouth, no tears

Dx

A

Mikulicz disease

137
Q

Abx for Shigella

138
Q

Abx for Campylobacter?

A

Erythromycin, Azithromycin

139
Q

Acid vs Base ingestion and type of necrosis and area of most damage

A

ACid: CoAgulation - stomACh (Acid / stomach)
ALkali: Liquefaction: esophagus

140
Q

water park bug not killed by chlorine

tx

A

cryptococcus

Tx nitazoxanide

141
Q

diarrhea, liver and brain abscesses.

A

Entamoeba Histolytica

142
Q

5 drugs for pseudomonas coverage

A

Ceftaz, Cefepime, Gent, Tobra, Zosyn

143
Q

Bugs and tx for spontaneous peritonitis

A

Strep pneumo

3rd gen ceph + gent

144
Q

possible treatment for urea cycle disorder vs organic acid disorder

A

urea: Arginine

Organic Acid: Biotin

145
Q

acroparesthesia in what disease, transmission, enzyme

A

Fabry - x linked dom

alpha galactosidase A

146
Q

metabolic d/o that looks like CP, ID, with icythosis

A

Sjogren Larsson syndrome

147
Q

sweaty feet metabolic disorder, tx

A

isovaleric Acidemis (protein restrict)

148
Q

metabolic disorder causing leukodystrophy

149
Q

drug needed in MSUD

150
Q

+ reducing substances in urine, hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia

A

galactossemia

151
Q

cbc s/e in macrolides

A

neutropenia

152
Q

nmyc and age prognosis in Neuroblastoma

A

<1 good

nmyc bad

153
Q

ALL age that is good

154
Q

cancer risk after neuroblastoma, and where doesn’t it met to?

A

osteosarcoma,

NB doesn’t go to lung

155
Q

Hb with two alpha and two delta is what in what disease

A

HBA2 in beta thal

156
Q

Fanconi anemia vs Schwachman Diamond

  • age
  • platelet issue

*both incr risk of what?

A

AML in both
Fanconi is in toddlers, has renal issues, and LOW PLTS

DS is in babies, normal plts, but exocrine pancreas probs

157
Q

TEC vs Diamond Blackfan anemia

  • age
  • in TEC? retic / MCV
A

TEC in 1-4 year old, no retic (stopped production), nl MCV

DB in infant w/ no precursors in marrow

158
Q

tumor lysis syndrome and calcium?

A

low calcium (all other things are high)

159
Q

Reed Sternberg Cells in what Ca?

160
Q

Wiskott Aldrich IG levels?

A

Hi IgA, low IgM

161
Q

think of this in bleeding from umbi stump

A

Factor 13 def (Unlucky Umbi)

162
Q

Think of this in incidental long aPTT and clotting

A

Factor 12 def

163
Q

hemolytic anemia with high MCHC but normal osmol fragility test and increased exercise tolerance?

A

pyruvate kinase def

164
Q

Factor not made in liver (when looking at liver failure vs DIC)

A

Factor VIII

165
Q

s/e of chemo with clots and pancreatitis

A

Aspariginase

166
Q

ETT size rule

A

[Age / 4] + 4

167
Q

ETT depth rule

A

[Age/2] + 12

168
Q

normal baby sized tube uncuffed, and normal depth

A

term: 3.5 uncuffed (3 cuffed)

Depth x 3 = 10ish

169
Q

antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol tox

A

Fomepizole

170
Q

OP sludge antidotes

A

pralidoxime (nicotinic) / Atropine (musc)

171
Q

Anticholinergic antidote (MAD HOT)

A

physostigmine

172
Q

transient vs congenital MG in neonate

A

transient doesn’t involve eyes

262
Q

The wormy that comes from pork and causes fever, myalgia, periorbital edema, red eyes/conjunctival injection/hemorrhage

A

Trichinosis

263
Q

birth weight rule at 3 time points

A

BW 3500g
doubles 5 mos
triples 1 yr
quadruples 2y

264
Q

length rule at 3 age marks

A

50cm
incr 50% at 1 yr
doubles 4 yrs
triples 13 yrs

Laughing Pedi (24 decks)

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