Surgery Flashcards
What are the risk factors for acute pancreatitis
GET SMASHED- galstones, ethanol, trauma, steroids, mumps, autoimmune, scorpion, hypocalcaemia, hyperglycaemia, ERCP and drugs
What does FAT SHEEP stand for
furosemide, aziathioprine, thiazide like diuretics, statins, hydrochloroquine, ethanol, estrogen and protease inhibitors
Where would you see grey turners sign
flank discolouration in acute pancreatitis
What is a glue ear
bilateral middle ear effusion with deafness
first and second line treatment for glue ear
2-9 days with amoxicillin and if this doesnt work use grommets
surgery for upper rectum tumours
anterior resection
surgery for lower rectum tumours
abdo-perineal excision of the rectum
what is hartmanns for
rectosigmoid tumour and closure of anorectal stump 6-12 months between both surgeries
what is hartmanns for
rectosigmoid tumour and closure of anorectal stump
treatment for chlamydia during pregnancy
erythromycin, azithromycin and amoxicillin
when would you need a HBIG and a booster
if you haven been previously vaccinated but are a non-responder as anti-HB is less than 10
which organism in spain causes dry cough, bradycardia and hyponatraemia
legionella pneumophillia
what is the parkland formula
the formula that states the amount of hartmann’s solution required in the first 24 hours of a burns injury:
4ml x %body surface area with burns x weight-ml
difference in symptoms between acute cholangitis and acute cholecystitis
cholangitis will present with jaundice
which virus leads to subconjunctival surffusion
leptospirosis
acute management of acute limb ischaemia
analgesia, IV heparin and vascular review
fever and left lower quadrant pain in a elderly patient
diverticulitis
local complication of gonorrhea
urethral stricture
why is gastrogaffin preferred compared to barium
less toxic if it leaks into the abdomen
what is primary syphilis associated with
painless ulceration at the site of sexual contact and non-tender lymphadenopathy
risk factors for galstones
diabetes mellitus, COCP, crohns disease and rapid weight loss
how to differentiate between inguinal and femoral hernias
inguinal is superomedial to the pubic tubercle, femoral is inferomedial to the pubic tubercle
relative fever with bradycardia can suggest what?
typhoid fever
which drug can cause drug-induced pancreatitis
mesalazine
difference between NAAT and microscopy swab
NAAT: genital herpes microscopy is for bacterial vaginosis and trichimoniasis
predictor for severity in acute pancreatitis
hypocalcaemia even though hypercalcaemia causes it
first and second line treatment in BPH
first: alpha-1-antagonist: tamsulosin, second: 5 alpha reductase inhibitor
difference between direct and indirect hernia
when pressing down- indirect disappears but direct still protrudes
what can cause contrast based nephropathy
iodine based CT for acute diverticulitis
What do we give to prevent contrast based nephropathy
volume expansion with 0.9% saline/ sodium chloride
