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OBS and gynae > paeds > Flashcards

paeds Flashcards

1
Q

difference in diagnosis of asthma in adults and children

A

adults: bronchoreversibilty and FeNO. children: bronchoreversibility and spirometry

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2
Q

What are the four steps in management of asthma

A

1) SABA, 2) ICS 3) ICS with LTRA under 5 years and LAMA over 5 years 4) theophyilline

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3
Q

If a child has symptoms three times a week or night waking what is the next step

A

prescribe ICS

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4
Q

When do you add LTRA

A

when using 200-400mg of ICS

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5
Q

What is the inheritance pattern of cystic fibrosis

A

autosomal recessive

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6
Q

What is the treatment for menconium ileus in neonates

A

gastrogaffin enema

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7
Q

recurrent chest infections, salty sweat, malabsorption and failure to thrive

A

cystic fibrosis

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8
Q

What do give in CF to thin mucus

A

dornase alfa

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9
Q

Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in children

A

sweat test and raised trypsinogen levels

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10
Q

treatment of CF in absorption

A

creon

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11
Q

diet advice for CF

A

high calorie, high fat with pancreatic enzyme replacement with every meal

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12
Q

most common cause of tonsilitis

A

strep pneumoniae

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13
Q

Contents of the CENTOR criteria

A

1) tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
2) no cough
3) fever over 38 C
4) bacterial pus exudate

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14
Q

Treatment if Centor criteria is 3-4

A

penicillin V for 5 days or amoxcillin/erythromycin

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15
Q

when would you do a tonsilectomy

A

four infections a year within three years

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16
Q

Which is defined a drop in weight in the 9th decile

A

drop in one centile or more

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17
Q

Which is defined a drop in weight in the 9th- 91st decile

A

drop in 2 centiles or more

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18
Q

Which is defined a drop in weight above the 91st decile

A

drops in three centiles or more

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19
Q

flat nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, single palm creases, small ears, hearing loss, recurrent ear infections

A

downs syndrome

20
Q

What is the chromosome at fault in downs

A

trisomy 21

21
Q

prader-wili chromosome

A

18

22
Q

short stature, low IQ, obese, excessive overeating, clenched fists and overlapping fingers

A

prader wili syndrome

23
Q

cat cry, intellectual disability, wide spaced eyes, hypotonia and single palmar creases

A

cri-du-chat

24
Q

what happens in cri-du-chat syndrome

A

deletion of P chromosome from chromosome 5

25
Q

cardiac defects, extra fingers, hypotonia small eyes

A

patau syndrome

26
Q

which chromosome is at fault in patau syndrome

A

13

27
Q

most common mechanism that leads to down’s syndrome

A

genetic non-disjunction

28
Q

increased risk of which cardiac abnormality in downs syndrome

A

atrial septal defect and increased risk of snoring

29
Q

association between AFP and downs syndrome

A

increased AFP with lower risk

30
Q

when are pregnant women screened for downs, patau and prader wili

A

10-14 weeks

31
Q

demarcated itchy red plaques sparing the nappy region on flexors

A

atophic dermatitis

32
Q

diagnosis for atophic dermatitis

A

itchy red plaques with atleast 3/5: history of itchy skin, history of flexural eczema, history of atopic tendency, visible flexural eczema and osnet below 2 years and on cheek before 18 months

33
Q

features of conjunctivitis

A

red itchy eye, photophobia, excessive lacrimation and serous discharge not vision impairment

34
Q

three types of conjunctivitis

A

allergic, viral and bacterial

35
Q

which type of conjunctivitis is contagious

A

viral

36
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis has eyelids feeling stuck together in the morning

A

bacterial

37
Q

management of allergic conjunctivitis

A

conservative, artificial tears and antihistamines

38
Q

management of viral conjunctivitis

A

conservative, artificial tears and avoid sharing towels for 2 weeks

39
Q

management of bacterial conjunctivitis

A

conservative, artifical tears and chloramphenicol if severe

40
Q

influenza vaccine in children with severe asthma

A

do not give nasal spray give IM as on oral steroids

41
Q

auer rods on blood film

A

AML

42
Q

blast cells on blood film

A

ALL

43
Q

smudge cells on blood film

A

CLL.

44
Q

interrupted aortic arch and cleft palate

A

digeorege syndrome

45
Q

absence of a cardiac murmur, pes cavus foot deformity, motor weakness and scoliosis

A

frederick’s ataxia

46
Q

inheritance of fredericks ataxia

A

autosomal recessive

47
Q

10% of patients with hypospadias also have

A

cryptorchidism

OBS and gynae (17 decks)

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