Surgery

Question 1

Recurrence risk of intussusception after non-surgical reduction

Answer 1

10%

Question 2

Timing of umbilical hernia closure

Answer 2

Preschool age (80% close by age 3-4 yrs)

Question 3

Interval appendectomy indication

Answer 3

Localized abscess or phlegmon

Question 4

Peak incidence of intussusception

Answer 4

6-18 months

Question 5

Features associated with omphalocele

Answer 5

Chromosomal anomalies, cardiac defects, midline defects

Question 6

Features associated with gastroschisis

Answer 6

Prematurity, respiratory distress, mid-gut atresia

Question 7

Torticollis findings

Answer 7

Head tilts towards and rotates away from affected side

Question 8

Torticollis associations

Answer 8

DDH, metatarsus adductus

Question 9

Sprengel deformity

Answer 9

Failure of complete descent of a scapula (unilateral)

Question 10

Cleidocranal dysostosis

Answer 10

Bilateral absence of the clavicle

Question 11

Congenital pseudoarthosis of the clavicle

Answer 11

Fibrous tissue interposed in the right clavicle at midshaft

Question 12

Radial-ulner synostosis

Answer 12

Radia and ulna connected by fibrous or bony bridge preventing pronation/supination

Question 13

Natural history of tibial torsion

Answer 13

95% spontaneous resolution (unlikely after age 4)

Question 14

Knee progression

Answer 14

Birth: 15 degrees of genu varum

3-4 years: 15 degrees of genu valgum

Question 15

Blount disease

Answer 15

Disordered growth of the proximal medial physis and metaphysis of the tibia leading to genu varum

Question 16

Indication for posterior spinal fusion

Answer 16

> 40 degrees skeletally immature

> 50 degrees skeletally mature

Question 17

Indication for anterior release

Answer 17

Rigid curves > 60 degrees, all curves > 80 degrees

Question 18

Observation for scoliosis

Answer 18

< 25 degrees skeletally immature

< 40 degrees skeletally mature

Question 19

Ortolani sign

Answer 19

Reduction of dislocated hip

Question 20

Barlow sign

Answer 20

Hip subluxation/dislocation

Question 21

Legg-Calve-Perthes age range

Answer 21

4-8 years old

Question 22

Etiology of knee pain in hip pathology

Answer 22

Distal cutaneous distribution of anterior branch of obturator nerve

Question 23

Legg-Calve-Perthes management

Answer 23

Observation if well-contained. Brace if not.

Question 24

SCFE management

Answer 24

Screw fixation

Question 25

Metatarsus adductus natural history

Answer 25

90% resolve spontaneously

Question 26

Treatment of clubfoot

Answer 26

Ponseti casting

Question 27

Tennis elbow

Answer 27

Lateral epicondylitis

Question 28

Little league elbow

Answer 28

Medial epicondylitis

Question 29

Most common ankle sprain

Answer 29

Anterior talofibular ligament