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Pediatrics > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Still’s murmur increased by…

A

supine, fever, exercise

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2
Q

VSD murmur

A

holosystolic

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3
Q

Most common type of ASD

A

secondum ASD

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4
Q

PE in ASD

A

split fixed S2, SEM in the pulmonary area

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5
Q

Complete AVCD

A

primum ASD and inlet VSD

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6
Q

Cyanotic CHD

A

TA, TGA, tricuspid atresia, TOF, TAPVR

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7
Q

Symptoms of ASD

A

most likely asymptomatic

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8
Q

Reason for fixed split S2

A

volume loading of the right ventricle (normally occurs during inspiration due to increased venous return)

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9
Q

EKG findings in ASD

A

RSR’ in V1

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10
Q

EKG findings in AVCD

A

left axis deviation

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11
Q

Most common cause of cyanotic CHD

A

TOF

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12
Q

TOF murmur

A

harsh SEM and LUSB w/ radiation to back (may disappear during tet spell)

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13
Q

TOF x-ray

A

boot-shaped

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14
Q

Most common form of cyanotic CHD diagnosed in the neonate

A

TGA

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15
Q

TGA x-ray

A

egg on a string

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16
Q

TAPVR x-ray

A

snowman

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17
Q

Obstructive TAPVR

A

supracardiac, infracardiac

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18
Q

Obstructive left-sided lesions

A

critical AS, coarctation, HLHS

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19
Q

Ebstein’s anomaly arrhythmia

A

WPW (50%) - atrialization of the RV

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20
Q

Ebstein’s anomaly association

A

Li during pregnancy

21
Q

EKG in ALCAPA

A

q waves in 1, aVL, V5, V6, ST elevation in V5, V6

22
Q

Down’s

A

AVCD (VSD most common)

23
Q

Turner

A

coarctation

24
Q

Noonan

A

pulmonary stenosis

25
Q

Williams

A

supravalvar aortic stenosis

26
Q

DiGeorge

A

TOF, interrupted aortic arch

27
Q

Alagille

A

pulmonary artery stenosis

28
Q

Endocarditis bugs

A

S. viridans, staph, HAECK

29
Q

Endocarditis findings

A

Janeway lesions = palms/soles
Roth spots = retinal hemorrhage
Osler’s nodes = painful on fingers/toes

30
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis indications

A

Dental extraction, T&A, respiratory mucosal injury

31
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis treatment

A

1 hour prior to procedure - amox, clinda, cephalexin

32
Q

ARF trigger

A

GAS pharyngitis (not other sources!)

33
Q

ARF treatment

A

PCN (plus monthly prophylaxis), prednisone if severe carditis with CHF

34
Q

ARF diagnosis

A

Jones criteria

35
Q

KD age range

A

6 mo - 2 yr

36
Q

Rate of coronary artery aneurysm in untreated KD

A

20%

37
Q

Pericarditis EKG

A

global ST elevation, PR depression

38
Q

Causes of pericarditis

A

Preceding URI (or uremia, ARF, TB)

39
Q

Myocarditis EKG

A

low voltage

40
Q

Causes of myocarditis

A

Virus (coxsackie, rhino, adeno)

41
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy genetics

A

AD

42
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy murmur increases with…

A

exercise, standing, Valsalva

43
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy murmur decreases with…

A

squatting, handgrip

44
Q

Most common causes of pediatric tachycardia

A

SVT (90%)

45
Q

Types of SVT

A

AV nodal reentrant, AV re-entry, ectopic atrial, junctional, flutter

46
Q

Most common pediatric bradycardia

A

3rd degree (complete

47
Q

Causes of complete heart block

A

maternal SLE, L-TGA

48
Q

Long QT syndrome genetics

A

AD

Pediatrics (14 decks)

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